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1、《专业英语》测试试题PassageIFundamentalsofAutomobileToday，saveragecarcontainsmorethan15,000separate,individualpartsthatmustworktogether・Thesepartscanbegroupedintofourmajorcategories:engine,body,chassisandelectricalequipment・EngineTheengineactsasthepowerunit.Theinternalcombustionengineismostcommon:t
2、hisobtainsitspowerbyburningaliquidfuelinsidetheenginecylinder・Therearctwotypesofengine:gasoline(alsocalledaspark-ignitionengine)anddiesel(alsocalledacompression-ignitionengine)・Bothenginesarecalledheatengines;theburningfuelgeneratesheatwhichcausesthegasinsidethecylindertoincreaseitspressu
3、reandsupplypowertorotateashaftconnectedtothetransmission・BodyAnautomobilebodyisasheetmetalshellwithwindows,doors,ahood,andatrunkdeskbuiltintoit・Itprovidesaprotectivecoveringfortheengine,passengers,andcargo.Thebodyisdesignedtokeeppassengerssafeandcomfortable・Thebodystylingprovidesanattract
4、ive,colorful,modernappearanceforthevehiclo.ChassisThechassisisanassemblyofthosesystemsthatarcthemajoroperatingpartsofavehicle.Thechassisincludesthetransmission,suspension,steering,andbrakesystems・Theretransmissionsystemcomprisesclutch,gearbox,propellershaft,rearaxleanddiffoi^cntialandthed
5、rivenroadwhocLTheaxleandwheelsarcisolatedfromthechassisbyasuspensionsystem・Thebasicjobofthesuspensionsystemistoabsorbtheshockcausedbyirregularroadsurfacesthatwouldotherwisebetransmittedtothevehicleanditsoccupants,thushelpingtokeepthevehicleonacontrolledandlevelcourse,regardlessofroadcondi
6、tions・Thesteeringsystem,underthecontrolofthedriveratthesteeringwheel,providesthemeansbywhichthefrontwheelsaredirectionallyturned・Thesteeringsystemmaybepowerassistedtoreducetheeffortrequiredtoturnthesteeringwheelandmakethevehicleeasiertomaneuver・Thebrakingsystemonavehiclehasthreemainfuncti
7、ons.Itmustbeabletoreducethespeedofthevehicle,whennecessary;itmustbeabletostopthecarinasshortadistanceaspossible;itmustbeabletoholethevehiclestationary・Thebrakingactionisachievedasaresultofthefrictiondevelopedbyforcingastationarysurface(thebrakelining)intocontactwith
