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1、第I类双边装配线平衡问题改进蚁群算法摘要:为克服传统算法求解大规模双边装配线平衡问题计算时间长、性能不稳定的缺陷,针对第I类双边装配线平衡问题,应用综合信息素搜索规则与全局信息素更新规则,提出了一种先产生任务排列序列、后按启发式分配规则产生可行解的蚁群算法,可有效脱离陷入局部最优解•用改进蚁群算法对30个不同规模的问题进行求解,并与标准蚁群算法和禁忌搜索算法进行了对比•结果表明:改进蚁群算法求出29个最优解,比普通蚁群算法、禁忌搜索算法分别能多求得6个和3个最优解;应用于汽车双边装配线算例,在保持平衡效率的条件下,改进蚁群算法计算时间为21.01s,比普通
2、蚁群算法减少了9.14s,计算效率提髙了30.3%.关键词:双边装配线;蚁群算法;优化中图分类号:TH165文献标志码:AImprovedAntColonyAlgorithmforTwoSidedAssemblyLineBalancingProblemofTypeIZHANGZeqiangl,HUJunyil,2,CHENGWenmingl(1.SchoolofMechanicalEngineering,SouthwestJiaotongUniversity,Chengdu610031,China;2.CSRQishuyanlnstituteCo.LtdC
3、hangzhou213011,China)Abstract:Toovercomethedisadvantagesoftraditionalalgorithmsinsolvinglargescaletwosidedassemblylinebalancingproblems(TALBPs),suchaslongcomputingtimeandunstableresults,animprovedantcolonyalgorithm(ACO)wasproposedforsolvingtheTALBPoftypeI.Intheproposedalgorithm,at
4、asksequencewasgeneratedfirst,andafeasiblesolutionwasthenobtainedbytheheuristicassignmentmethod;inaddition,thepheromonesummationruleandaglobalpheromoneupdatingrulewereadoptedtoavoidtheantsfallingintothelocallyoptimalsolutions・Aseriesofnumericalexperimentswereconductedon30testproble
5、msofdifferentsizeusingtheproposedACOalgorithm,thestandardantcolonyalgorithm,andthetabusearchalgorithmforcomparison.TheresultsindicatethattheproposedACOalgorithmobtained29optimalsolutionsforthe30testproblems,andobtained6and3moreoptimalsolutionsthanthestandardantcolonyalgorithmandth
6、etabusearchalgorithm,respectively.Finally,theproposedACOalgorithmwasappliedtoarealcarassemblylineandobtainedthesatisfactorysolutionswithin21.01s,saving9.14sandimprovingthecomputationalefficiencyby30.3%whencomparedwiththetraditionalACOunderthesamelineefficiency.Keywords:twosidedass
7、emblylines;antcolonyalgorithm;optimization与单边装配线相比,双边装配线具有缩短装配线长度、减少原材料运输与工人移动成本、降低工具和夹具费用等优点[1],被广泛应用于汽车、装载机、卡车等中大型产品的装配生产过程,能产生明显的经济效益.随着双边装配线广泛应用,双边装配线平衡问题(twosidedassemblylinesbalancingproblem,TALBP)亦随之而生.装配线平衡问题作为NPHard难题[2],难以在合理的时间内精确求解•与单边装配线相比,由于TALBP装配线布局形式的改变,在分配任务时,除满足
8、操作方位的要求,还需综合考虑不同操作方位的前序任务对自身开始装配时