塞缪尔·约翰逊文学理论新说

《塞缪尔·约翰逊文学理论新说》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在工程资料-天天文库。

1、塞缪尔•约翰逊文学理论新说【摘要】塞缪尔•约翰逊主编的《莎士比亚集》，有校勘、注释和评论。约翰逊认为戏剧基于想象，各幕之间在空间和时间上的变异是应该允许的。他认为三一律之中，只有行动的一致性是重要的，空间的一致性和时间的一致性是虚妄的。莎士比亚不受这一规则的束缚，正是伟大之处。本文对莎士比亚的道德缺失，粗俗语言和情节安排混乱进行讨论。【关键词】塞缪尔•约翰逊；《莎士比亚全集》；个人经历；社会；宗教1.IntroductiontoSamuelJohnsonandPrefacetoShakespeareSamuelJohnsonwasanEng

2、lishauthorwhomadelastingcontributionstoEnglishliteratureasaessayist,poet,moralist,biographer,literarycritic,editorandlexicographer・JohnsonwasadevoutAnglicanandcommittedTory,andhasbeendescribedas“themostdistinguishedmanoflettersinEnglishhistoryvandthesubjectof“themostfamous

3、singleworkofbiographicalartinthewholeofliteraturev・Johnson"sPrefacetoShakespeareexpresseshisgroundingofcriticaljudgmentonmoralityandhisideathatpoetsshouldconcernthemselveswithrepresentinggeneralnaturethanparticularexperienee.Thelong-sustainedexperienceofmankindisJohnson"st

4、estforolderwritersandShakespeareispreeminentbecauseheisthepoetof“generalnature・”Shakespeare?sappealrestsonhisabilitytoportrayhumannature,notkingsorRomans・ThisisShakespeares“mirroroflife”thathasstoodthetestoftimeandtha/tnorrowercriticshavemisunderstood・Aboveall,Johnsonpoint

5、soutShakespeare^sthreeshortcomingsinPrefacetoShakespeare-一thatis-一Shakespeare?slackofmorality,hisvulgarityandhiscarelessnessineraftingplotsandhisoccasionalinattentivenesswhenchoosingwordsorwordorder・ThosewhoareaccustomedtothebeliefthatShakespearecoulddonowrongmaybesurprise

6、dbyJohnson?sstrictlyjudicialappraisalofthebard"sfaultsandvalues.Inmyfinalthesis,IhavecollectedmanymaterialstopleadforShakespeare・IwillanalyzehisshortcomingsfromShakespearespersonalexperienceandthesocietyinhistimes・2.ExplanationsforShakespeare?sShortcomings2.1ShakespearesPe

7、rsonalExperienceShakespearewasborninStratford-upon-Avonandbaptizedthereon26April1564.Althoughnoattendancerecordsfortheperiodsurvive,mostbiographersagreethatShakespearewasprobablyeducatedattheKing，sNewSchoolinStratford.GrammarschoolsvariedinqualityduringtheElizabethanera,bu

8、tthegrammarcurriculumwasstandardizedbyroyaldecreethroughoutEngland,andtheschoolwouldhavep