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1、编号微弱信号检测技术的研究ResearchonWeakSignalDetectionTechnology学生姓名专业学号学院年月日III摘要在自然现象和规律的科学研究和工程实践中,经常会遇到需要检测毫微伏量级微弱信号的问题,比如测定地震的波形和波速、材料分析时测量荧光光强、卫星信号的接收、红外探测以及物电信号测量等,这些问题都归结为噪声中微弱信号的检测。在物理、化学、生物医学、遥感和材料学等领域有广泛应用。微弱信号检测技术是采用电子学、信息论、计算机和物理学方法,分析噪声产生的原因和规律,研究被测信号的特点和相关性,检测被噪声淹没
2、的微弱有用信号。微弱信号检测的宗旨是研究如何从强噪声中提取有用信号,任务是研究微弱信号检测的理论、探索新方法和新技术,从而将其应用于各个学科领域当中。本文对弱信号的定义和弱信号的应用范围进行了概述,综述了微弱信号检测理论研究和实际应用领域的发展情况,重点比较了目前在微弱信号检测技术中应用的方法:相关检测、锁相放大器微弱信号检测、取样积分法、基于小波分析的微弱信号检测、基于混沌振子的微弱信号检测,最后总结了各个方法的特点。关键字：微弱信号检测噪声锁相放大器IIIABSTRACTInthenaturalphenomenonandlaw
3、ofscientificresearchandengineeringpractice,oftenbeexpectedtotestbaekhomicrovoltsmiddleweightweaksignalissues,suchasdeterminationofearthquakewaveandwavevelocity,materialanalysiswhenmeasuringfluorescentlightintensity,satellitesignals,infrareddetectionandsignalmeasuremen
4、tofthings,theseproblemsboildowntoaweaksignalinthenoiseofthetest.Inthephysical,chemical,biologicalmedicine,remotesensingandmaterialscienceandotherfieldshaveawidelyused.Weaksignaldetectiontechnologyistheelectronics,informationtheory,computerandphysicsmethod,analyzesther
5、easonsofthenoiseandtostudythelawsofthemeasuredsignalcharacteristicsandcorrelation,detectionwassubmergedinthefaintnoiseusefulsignal.Theaimoftheweaksignaldetectionisstudyinghowstrongnoisefromtheextractusefulsignal,thetaskistostudythetheoryofweaksignaldetection,explorene
6、wmethodsandnewtechnology,anditsapplicationinthefieldofeachsubject.Thedefinitionoftheweaksignalandtheapplicationrangeoftheweaksignalwerereviewedinthispaper,theweaksignaldetectionintheoreticalresearchandpracticalapplicationofthefielddevelopmentsituation,thekeyisthecurre
7、ntweaksignaldetectiontechnologyintheapplicationmethod:relateddetection,lock-inamplifierweaksignaldetection,samplingintegralmethod,basedonthewaveletanalysis,weaksignaldetectionbasedonchaoticoscillatorweaksignaldetection,finallysummarizedthecharacteristicsofeachmethod.K
8、eywords：Weaksignal,detection,andnoise,lock-inamplifierIII目录摘要IABSTRACTII第1章绪论11.1引言11.2微弱信号的定义11.3微弱信号的应用范围及当前的研究背景11.4微弱信号检
