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1、英语学案之宾语从句1.在句中担当宾语的从句叫宾语从句,宾语从句可作谓语动词的宾语,也可做介词的宾语。eg,Hesaidhewasgoodatdrawing.(动词宾语)HeaskshimhowlongMikehasbeendown.(动词宾语) MissZhangisangryatwhatyousaid.(介词宾语) 2.宾语从句的引导词有三类: (1) 以that引导的宾语从句,主要用来引导句形式的宾语从句,that可以省略。eg,Theradiosays(that)thecloudswillli
2、ftlateron. Shetoldme(that)shewouldliketogowithus. (2) 以连接代词which,what,who等或连接副词how,where,why等引导的宾语从句,从句是陈述语序 eg,Couldyoutellmewhat'sthematterwithu? Iwanttoknowhowsoonitwillbegin. (3) 以whether或if引导的宾语从句,主要用来引导一般疑问句意思或选择疑问句意思的宾语从句,从句同样是陈述语序 eg,Iwon
3、derif/whetheruhavetoldthenewtoLiLei. 3.宾语从句的时态 (1) 当主句为一般现在时态、现在进行时态、或一般将来时态时,从句可用所需要的任何时态。eg,Iwanttoknowwhattimehegotupthismorning. Youaretellingmethatyouwon'tstopuntiltomorrow? (2) 当主句为一般过去时态时,从句要用于过去有关的时态。 eg,TheyaskedwhatJeanwasdoingnow. Lindasaidt
4、hatthetrainhadleft. (3) 当从句表述的是客观真理或自然现象时,宾语从句要使用一般现在时。 eg,Lisaaskedwhetherlighttravelsfasterthansound. Pollysaidnonewsisagoodnews 注意:一般情况下,whether和if可以互用,但有些情况例外。 1. 当从句做介词的宾于是只用whether不用if eg,Wearetalkingaboutwhetherwe'llgoonthepinic. 2. 引导词与动词不定式或n
5、ot连用时,只用whether. eg,Pleaseletmeknowwhattodonext. Couldyoutellmewhetherugoornot? 3. if当如果讲时,引导的是条件状语从句,这时不能用whether. eg,Youcan'tworktheplanoutifyoudon'thavethemeeting. 例题解析:举一反三,学的更轻松! 1. Theteacheraskedthestudents________. A.iftheywereinterestedindino
6、saurs B.whenwasAlbertEinsteinborn C.whattheywilldowiththecomputers D.howmanytreestheyhaveplanted 解析:宾语从句中从句应保持陈述语序,答案B首先删去,主句一般过去式,从句要用于过去有关的时态,删去答案C和D,答案A中的if意为如果. 应选A 2. Couldyoutellme_______? A. whatthematteriswithyou B.whatwasthematterwithyou
7、 C.hat'sthematterwithyou D.what'sthewrongwithyou. 解析:what就是从句的主语,what'sthematterwithyou本身就是陈述语序,因此删掉A;主句可看作是委婉的请求,并是一般过去式,可删去答案B;wrong前不用加the,因此此题选C. 3.Heaskedme_______Icouldsingthesong"MyHeartwillGoOn." A.if B.weather C.what D.that 解析:此句应选含有疑问
8、意思的关系代词,故删去D;weather意为天气,根据句意应选A. 4.Ourteachertoldusthatthemoon_________roundtheearth. A.went B.turned C.go D.turns 解析:从句是一个客观真理,因此从句的时态不受主句影响。应选D 5.Itmakesnod