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1、形容词的构成和基本用法一．构成:1.本身就是形容词:bigthinfathotwetfitred等2.加后缀构成形容词:名词构成方法形容词例词表天气+ycloudyrainywindysnowysunnyfoggy(luckynoisyhealthy)表方位+erneastern,western,southern,northern+fulcareful,useful,hopeful,helpfulsuccessful,beautiful,colourful,wonderful,cheerful,forgetful,thankful,harmful,表否定
2、+lesscareless,useless,hopeless,helpless,homeless,endlessharmless,sleepless+enwooden,woolen+lyfriendly,lovely,lively,lonely,daily表大洲国家+nAsianEuropeanAmericanAustralianCanadian+ablecomfortableknowledgeablereasonable(合理的)enjoyable+alpersonal,national,natural,medical+ed+inginterested
3、excitedsurprisedinterestingexcitingsurprising二:用来修饰名词或代词，用以说明人或事物的特征1)作定语:adj+名词，不定代词+adjFrenchisadifficultlanguage.Thereisnothinginterestingintoday’snewspaper.2)作表语：放在系动词(be,become,get,turn,keep,seem,look,sound,taste,smell,feel)后.只能作表语的形容词有：ill,asleep,awake,alone,alike,afraid,su
4、re,well(身体好)I’mfeelingwell.★Don’tmakesomuchnoise.Theboyisasleep.★Hehasbeenillforseveraldays.3)作宾语补足语★makeushappy；keepourclassroomclean；findithard；thinkiteasy4)else只能作后置定语,放在疑问代词who,what,whom和不定代词nothing，nobody…之后★Whatelsedoyouwant?★Thereisnothingelseinthatclassroom.副词的构成和用法一．副词的构
5、成：(一)．在形容词末尾+ly,变为副词1.在形容词末尾直接加ly:sadly,slowly,badly,carefully，really，quicklyloudly，widely，quietly，safely，politely，strongly,successfully2.以辅音字母+y结尾的形容词，变y为i+lyhappy→happily;healthy→healthily;easy→easily,angry→angrily;lucky→luckily;heavy→heavily3.特殊记忆：true→truly;terrible→terribly;
6、possible→possibly;good→well(二)．有些形容词与副词形式相同：earlylatehighfarfasthardpretty二．副词的基本用法：1.副词修饰形容词或副词表程度(so,very,too,really,enough,quite,rather,pretty,)It’sreallyniceofyoutohelpmeHe’sterribleilltoday。It’srainedsoheavilythatwecouldhardlygoout.▲Heisoldenoughtogotoschool.2.副词修饰谓语动词，Itrai
7、nedheavilyyesterday.Shesingswell.★表否定的副词有hardlynevernoseldom在反意疑问句中的作用。()Theboyscanhardlyswim,_____?A.cantheyB.can’ttheyC.dotheyD.don’tthey★不定副词somewhere（谋地）anywhere（任何地方）everywhere（到处，处处）nowhere（没有地方的用法◆somewhere用于肯定句◆anywhere用于否定句、疑问句◆everywhere为有特殊要求◆nowhere本身表否定。3.形容词修饰不定福词时，
8、必须把形容词放在不定副词后。形容词和副词易混词辨析一、-ed结尾的形容词：主语感
