附1常用工具的认识及正确使用方法·

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1、汽车构造试验指导目录附1常用工具的认识及正确使用方法···························································1试验一汽车及发动机总体构造认识······························································3试验二机体组拆装及结构认识······································································4试验二曲柄连杆机构的拆装、调整及结构观察····

2、······································6试验二配气机构的拆装··················································································9试验三冷却系的拆装····················································································12试验三润滑系的拆装····································

3、················································13试验四汽油机供给系统（直喷系统）的拆装············································15试验四柴油机供给系统的拆装与观察························································17试验五汽油机点火系及启动系结构原理认识············································18试验六离合器的拆装·········

4、···········································································19试验七机械式变速器的拆装········································································21试验七自动变速器传动部分的拆装····························································24试验八主减速器的拆装······················

5、··························································27试验九制动系的拆装····················································································29试验十转向系的结构及工作原理认识························································31附2实验报告要求及评分标准：·····························

6、····································33车辆与交通实验室I汽车构造试验指导附1常用工具的认识及正确使用方法一、主要内容及目的：1．熟悉汽车拆装过程中常用工具的名称和规格；2．掌握汽车拆装过程中工具的正确选用方法；3．了解汽车拆装过程中常用工具的维护和保养方法。二、各种工具简介：1．普通扳手：（1）开口扳手：又称呆扳手，是最常见的一种扳手，其开口的中心平面和本体中心平面成15°角，这样既能适应人手的操作方向，又可降低对操作空间的要求。其规格是以两端开口的宽度S（mm）来表示的，如8-10、12-14等，通

7、常是成套装备，有8件一套、10件一套等，通常用45、50钢锻造，并经热处理。（2）梅花扳手：其两端是环状的，环的内孔由两个正六边形互相同心错转30°而成，使用时，扳动30°后，即可换位再套，因而适用于狭窄场合下操作，与开口扳手相比，梅花扳手强度高，使用时不易滑脱，但套上、取下不方便。其规格是以闭口尺寸S（mm）来表示，如8-10、12-14等，通常是成套装备，有8件一套、10件一套等，通常用45钢或40Cr锻造，并经热处理。（3）套筒扳手：其材料、环孔形状与梅花扳手相同，适用于拆装位置狭窄或需要一定扭矩的螺栓或螺母。套筒扳手主要由套筒头、

8、手柄、棘轮手柄、快速摇柄、接头和接杆等组成，各种手柄适用于各种不同的场合，以操作方便或提高效率为原则，常用套筒扳手的规格是10~32mm。在汽车维修中还采用了许多专用套筒扳手，如火花塞套筒、轮