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1、第 43卷第 11期中南大学学报(自然科学版)Vol.43No.11 2012年 11月JournalofCentralSouthUniversity(Scienceand Technology)Nov. 2012锂电池电解质草酸二氟硼酸锂水解过程及其对理化性能的影响1, 211, 2111周宏明,刘芙蓉,李荐,李艳芬,朱玉华,方珍奇(1.中南大学材料科学与工程学院,湖南长沙,410083;2.湖南正源储能材料与器件研究所,湖南长沙,410083) 摘要:通过元素分析、红外(FTIR)对自制的高纯草酸二氟硼酸锂(LiODFB)的化学结构和成分进行分析和表征,通过水分暴露实验和
2、电池性能测试综合对比分析LiODFB与LiPF6的水分敏感性和理化性能。研究结果表明:自制LiODFB的元素含量和理论值基本吻合,纯度达到99.93%;各化学键的红外吸收峰都存在,并且未见其他杂质峰;LiODFB在25 ℃和50%湿度下暴露2h后,吸潮形成LiODFB∙H2O,随暴露时间延长,发生水解反应,生成复杂化合物;LiPF6在25℃和50%湿度下暴露,迅速反应生成LiF和Li3PO4等,同时放出HF气体;电池的放电容量和容量保持率均随着LiODFB和LiPF6的暴露时间延长而变差,在暴露时间相同时,与采用LiPF6的基电解液相比,采用LiODFB基电解液的电池的容量和
3、容量保持率均明显较高。关键词:锂电池;电解质;草酸二氟硼酸锂;理化性能中图分类号:O614.111;TM912.9 文献标志码:A文章编号:1672−7207(2012)11−4228−06Hydrolysisand influences onphysicaland chemical propertiesfor lithium battery electrolyte LiODFB1, 211, 2111ZHOUHongming ,LIUFurong ,LI Jian ,LI Yanfen ,ZHUYuhua,FANGZhenqi(1.SchoolofMaterials Sci
4、ence andEngineering,CentralSouthUniversity,Changsha 410083,China;2.Hunan Zhengyuan InstituteforEnergyStorage MaterialsandDevices,Changsha410083,China)Abstract:Thechemicalstructure,compositionandphaseoftheselfmadehighpurityLiODFBweresystematically analyzed andcharacterizedbyFouriertransformi
5、nfrared(FTIR)andelementaryanalysis.Thesensitivityofwaterand physicochemicalpropertiesofLiODFBandLiPF6wereinvestigatedbywaterexposure experimentandbattery performance test.The results showthattheelementcontentsoftheselfmadesample are basicallyconsistwiththe theoreticalvalues,and the purityis
6、 99.93%.The infrared absorption peaks ofthechemicalbondsareallpresent,andno otherimpuritypeaksexist.LiODFBwould firstabsorb moisture toformLiODFB∙H2O,then be hydrolyzed toproduce complex compound when exposedto25 ℃,50%humidity.Underthe sameconditions,LiPF6is decomposed intoLiF,Li3PO4andHF.T
7、hebatteryperformance oftheexposedsamplegetsworsewhileprolongingtheexposedtimeofthe LiODFBand LiPF6.The capacityand capacityretention ofthe battery with LiODFBbasedelectrolyte are obviously betterthanthoseofthebatterywithLiPF6basedelectrolyte.keywords:lit