不定式讲解(编)

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1、英语动词不定式简明解析一．不定式在句中的作用动词不定式和现在分词、过去分词、动名词一样，都属于非谓语动词。在句中可以担任任何成分，除了谓语以外。例句：Tosayisonethingandtodoisanother.（主语）Toloveandtobelovedisthegreatesthappinessonecanget.（主语）It'srudetorefusetoansweryourteacher.(形式主语)Hiswishistobecomeanastronaut.  （表语）Fatherlikestolistent

2、omusicinsilence.  （宾语）ThenexttraintoarrivewasfromNewYork.（定语）I'msavinguptobuyacomputer.（目的状语）Hegottothestationonlytofindthetrainhadgone.（结果状语）I'mwaitingforJamestoarrive（宾补）Weconsiderhim(tobe)agoodteacher.(宾补)二．不定式的时态形态主动语态被动语态定义一般式TodoTobewritten和谓语动词同时、基本同时或之后发

3、生进行时Tobedoing和谓语动词同时，强调正在进行完成式TohavedoneTohavebeenwritten在谓语动词之前，强调动作的完成例句：Heappearstobeveryhappy（主动一般式）IthappenedtoberainingwhenIgotthere.（主动进行式）I'msorrytohavelostyourkey.（主动完成时）Thesearethebookstobegivenouttothestudents.（被动一般式）Itisanhonorformetohavebeeninvitedt

4、oyourcountry.（被动完成式）三．以下单词经常用不定式作宾语：afford负担得起agree同意aim以……为目标ask要求attempt尝试begin开始care喜爱choose决定continue继续decide决定desire要求determine决心expect期fail不能forget忘记hate不愿hope希望intend打算manage设法mean打算offer表示愿意plan计划prefer宁愿pretend假装promise答应refuse拒绝remember记起try努力want想要wis

5、h希望例句：Ican’taffordtobuythiscomputer.Iagreetogowithyou.Iexpectedtohavemethimherelastnight.Ihopetobeadoctor.感官动词、使役动词后的宾语补足语前经常省掉to感官动词：Feel感觉see看到watch观看notice注意observe观察lookat看hear听到listento听使役动词（使、让）：makehavelet注意：换成被动语态时，一定要加to例句：Wesawthecarstop.Thecarwasseent

6、ostop.Iheardthemsingyesterday.Theywereheardtosingyesterday.Shemadehimgiveupsmoking.Shewasmadetogiveupsmoking.四．典型句子中不定式跟动名词、现在分词的区别1.Stoptodo…停下正在做的一件事，去做另一件事Stopdoing。。。停下正在做的那件事。Let’sstoptoread.Let’sstopreading.Remembertodo…记住去做某事（将要做）Rememberdoing。。。记得曾做过的一件事

7、（事情已做）Youmustremembertobringmeyourphotonexttime.Irememberbringyouoneofthephotosbefore.类似的用法还有：forgettodo…forgetdoing…goontodo…goondoing…等2.Iheardhimcomingupthestairs.(现在分词，动作正在进行)我听见他正在上楼梯。Isawhimcomeupthestairs.(不定式，动作已过去)我看见他上了楼梯。3.Ilikeswimming.(动名词有时表示状态、现象)

8、我喜欢游泳。Iliketoswimthisafternoon.(不定式表示具体的、一次性的动作)五． 动词不定式的几种常见结构1.不定式的复合结构 Thisboxistooheavyforthelittleboytocarry.  That'sforyoutodecide.2．表示计划或安排 Wearetobeginthework