‘冬杏’开花授粉生物学与果实发育特性-研究

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1、万方数据可滴定酸、蛋白质增长均为一步增长曲线，维生素C变化曲线为近“V”字型。果实的第二次缓慢生长期，为胚积累内含物的主要时期。胚中内含物的积累速率决定了果实发育第二次缓慢生长期的长短。‘冬杏’在果实发育期内其果实与胚的可溶性糖、维生素C、蛋白质含量均低于成熟期较早的其它品种，果实与胚中的可滴定酸含量高于其它品种。SOD和CAT在两个果实快速生长期维持较高活性。导致胚中内含物的积累相对于其它成熟期品种较慢。(6)‘冬杏’果实和胚的快速生长期，IAA、ABA、GA3、Spd和Put的含量均迅速增加，Spm则逐渐减小。胚中6种内

2、源物质的升高或降低主要发生在果实第二次缓慢生长期，此时期除ABA外其它内源物质的含量均高于果实，胚的库强度远高于其它成熟期杏品种。果实及胚中Spd含量高于Put高于Spin，GA3高于IAA高于ABA。不同成熟期杏品种的果实和胚中6种内源物质的变化趋势基本相似，成熟期较早的品种峰值出现较早。‘冬杏’除ABA和Spd外，果实与胚中的其它内源物质均高于其它不同成熟期品种。关键词：晚熟杏；冬杏：开花授粉；光合特性；果实发育II万方数据StudyonBiologicalCharacteristicsofFloweringandPol

3、linationandFruitdevelopmentin‘Dongxing’AbstractInordertounderstandthefeaturesoffloweringpollinationbiologyandfruitdevelopmentdyn—amicoftheverylatematureapricotvarieties‘Dongxing'．Theflowerbiologicalcharacteristics．poll．inationbiology，1eat"photosyntheticcharacterist

4、ics，fruitdevelopmentdynamic。andthechangesdy．namicofinclusions’content,endogenoushormone’contentandpolyamine’contentwereallinvesti-gatedandstudied，themainresultswereasfollows：(1)Theflowerbuddifferentiationof‘Dongxing’wasstartedinlateJune，andthedifferentiate-onofmain

5、tissuewerecompletedinlateSeptember．InlateMarchthebudsbegintobloomed．InearlyAprilbegintoflower．floweringsustainedfor5days．Thenumberofantherofperflowerwas39．2grains．Thepollenamountofperantherwas821．0grains．Theoptimummediumwas1％agar+15％sucrose+0．01％boricacid．thepollen

6、viabilitywas53．0％．Themaximumconjoi．nedpollenviabilitywasappearedonthefirstdayafterflowering，afterthethirddaythepollenviabilitywasfellto50％．StoragepollenviabilitywasfeIItohalfoftheinitialvalueafterthreedays．Thestrongestofstigmareceptivitywasachievedextremelystrongaf

7、terfloweringfor2hoursto4hours．Alterfloweringfor1hourto8hourswastheappropriatepollinationperiodfor‘Don一曲g’．(21Theselfingfruitsetpercentageof‘Dongxing’was1．5％，showedself-incompatibility．Thepollenof‘Muzijianali’and‘Saimaiti’werehighlyvaluedonthe‘Dongxing’．theyweresuit

8、ableasthepollinatefleesof‘Dongxing’．Thepollenmostwerebegantogerminate2hoursafterpollination，andreachedtostylebase96hoursafterpollination．Theapric