大学英语综合教程4units1-4阅读理解翻译

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1、PassageOneThegrowingimportanceofairpowerinWorldWarII,combinedwithitssensitivitytoweather,ledtoanevergreatermilitaryrelianceonaccurateforecasts.Knowingtheweatherwasofvitalconcerntocombatcommandersofthatwar.Asmuchanartasitisscience,predictingtheweatherisdependentontheaccuratet

2、rackingofweatherphenomena,particularlystormfronts,fromtheareaswheretheyoriginate.Thoughmeteorologists(气象学家)ofthe1940shadnoneoftheweathertrackingsatelliteswhichmakethatjobsomuchsimplertoday,theywerestillabletogenerateusablyaccurateforecastsasmuchas72hoursinadvance-aslongasthe

3、ycouldgetthedatatheyneeded.TheneedforthatdatagavebirthtooneofthemostinterestinganduniquecampaignsoftheSecondWorldWar,theso-called“WeatherWar.”Althoughitwasnotawarofmajorcommandsandoftroops,ships,oraircraft,ithadanimportantimpactonthefightingintheAtlanticandEuropeanTheatres.I

4、twastheweatherdatasecuredbythiscampaignwhichenabledtheplanningandexecutionofsuchcriticaloperationsastheAlliedlandingsatNormandyandtheentirestrategicbombingcampaignagainstHitler’sempire.TheWeatherWarbeganwiththeGermaninvasionofDenmarkandNorwayinApril1940.priortothat,thosenati

5、onsallowedtheirarcticweatherstationstoreporttheweatherintheclearsoallcountriescouldusetheinformation.Germany’soccupationofmuchofScandinaviagaveBerlinamonopoly(垄断)overarcticweatherdata-adevelopmenttheAlliescouldnotallow.TheBritish,infact,beganplanningtoseizetheweatherstations

6、evenasthecampaignforNorwayprogressed.Ofcourse,theGermanshadplansforthosesamestationstoo,butAllieddominanceoverthesea,coupledwiththeunexpectedlyhighGermannavallossesintheNorwegianinvasion,allowedBritaintoscorethefirstsuccesses.Buttheweatheritselfprovedthemostseriousobstacleto

7、thestartoftheWeatherWar’soperations,delayingthefirstmovesuntilAugust.Infact,throughouttheWeatherWar,bothsidesfoundtheelementsamoreformidable(可怕的)foethantheenemy.日益增长的重要性空军在二战期间,结合其灵敏度,天气,导致一个更大的军事依赖准确的预测。知道天气很重要作战指挥官的战争。更像是一门艺术,因为它是科学,预测天气是依赖于准确的跟踪天气现象,尤其是风暴方面,从它产生的地区。尽管气象学家

8、(气象学家)的1940年代,没有天气跟踪卫星,让那份工作所以更简单的今天,他们仍然能够产生有效地准确预测高达72小时只要他们能提前为他们需要获取数据。