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1、苏轼尚意书风的形成摘要:苏轼是我国北宋时期杰出的文学家、书法家、画家,重要的政治家、思想家。苏轼不仅是北宋政坛上颇具影响力的重要人物,而且是北宋文坛和书坛的领军人物。他一生洒脱、历经坎坷,又硕果累累。苏轼在作画、论画方面均有卓见。如重视神似,主张画外有情,反对程式束缚,提倡诗画一体,并明确提出“士人画”的概念等,为后来的“文人画”的发展尊定了理论基础。苏轼在书法方面成就巨大,擅长行书、楷书等,是宋代尚意书风的先锋,与黄庭坚、米芾、蔡襄并称“宋四家”。他的书法创作过程可以分为早期、中期与晚期三个阶段,遍
2、学晋、唐、五代名家,博采王羲之、欧阳询、徐浩、颜真卿、杨凝式等书法大家之长,而自成一家。作为宋代书法四家之首的苏轼,对书法的认识有自己独特的见解,形成了其尚意书风。苏轼尚意书风的内涵在于他认为书法的精妙之处存在于笔画之外,重视字的形质之美,他认为书法必有神、气、骨、肉、血,五者结合,缺其中一种条件都不能称之为好的书法。苏轼提出要书如其人,加强个人修养。在学习前人的基础上既要借鉴吸收又要改革创新。苏轼倡导的尚意书风左右了北宋中后期的书坛,对后世的元朝赵孟頫、明朝早期的“明四家”和中期的董其昌等,对清代书
3、坛都有深刻的影响。时至今日,苏体爱好者还在对苏轼书法风格进行深入广泛地研究。关键词:苏轼、尚意书风、师承关系、后世影响ITheformationofSuShi’sNatureAdorationincalligraphystyleAbstract:SuShiisanoutstandingwriter,calligrapher,painter,animportantpolitician,thinkerinChinaSongDynasty.SuShiisnotonlyapoliticsinfluential
4、figureinNorthernSongDynasty,butalsoistheliteraryarenaandworldleaderinNorthernSongDynasty.Hislifeisfree,difficult,butfruitful.SuShiisinsightinthepaint,andthepainting.Suchasheemphasisonspirit,advocateoutsideoflove,againsttheprogrambound,advocateintegratio
5、n,putforwardclearly"literatipainting"concept,laystheoreticalfoundationforthesubsequent"literatipainting"development.SuShiisanachievementincalligraphy,andheisgoodatrunningscript,regularscript,hecreatedNatureAdorationincalligraphystyleintheSongDynastycall
6、igraphy.HuangTingJian,MiFu,CaiXiangandhewerecalled"FourmastersintheSongDynasty".Hiscalligraphycreationprocesscanbedividedintoearly,middleandlatethreestages,throughlearningmastersfromJin,TangandfivegenerationssuchasWangXiZhi,OuYangXun,XuHao,YanZhenQing,Y
7、angNingShiandsoon,gettheadvantagefromtheircalligraphy,andstrikeoutanewstyleforhimself.AsthefirstoffourcalligraphersinSongDynasty,SuShi,hashisownuniquecalligraphyideology,andgethisNatureAdorationincalligraphystyle.Hethinksthatbeautyexistsinthecalligraphy
8、strokes,attachedtothebeautyofwordformation,hethinksthatcalligraphywillbeacombinationofspirit,rhyme,bone,meat,andblood,itisnotcalledgoodcalligraphymissingonekindofconditions.Atthesametime,heputsforwardthatcalligraphyisrelatedtothe