关于滑坡的一些专业术语概念(英文).docx

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1、Landslide&SlopeInstabilityGeohazardshttp://www.ukgeohazards.info/pages/eng_geol/landslide_geohazard/eng_geol_landslides_classification.htm·LandslideclassificationManysystemshavebeenproposedfortheclassificationoflandslides,however,themostcommonlyadoptedsystemsarethoseofVarnes(1978)andH

2、utchinson(1988).In1991aEuropeanclassificationwasdevelopedfromtheEPOCH(1991-1993)project(TheTemporalOccurrenceandForecastingofLandslidesintheEuropeanCommunity,Contractno.900025).TheEPOCHclassificationwassimpleandsuitableforEuropeanconditions.Dikauetal(1996)producedaclassificationofland

3、slidemechanisms,compatiblewithHutchinson(1988)andEPOCH(1993).TheInternationalGeotechnicalSocieties'UNESCOWorkingPartyonWorldLandslideInventory(WP/WLI)wasformedfortheInternationaldecadeforNaturalDisasterReduction(1990to2000).TheWP/WLI(1990)report"ASuggestedMethodforReportingaLandslide"

4、usesVarnes'(1978)classificationandreportsthatitisthemostwidelyused.TheWorldRoadAssociation(PIARC)report"Landslides:TechniquesforEvaluatingHazard"(Escarioetal.,1997)alsopresentsaclassificationbasedonVarnes.ThelandslideclassificationbasedonVarnes'(1978)systemhastwoterms:thefirsttermdesc

5、ribesthematerialtypeandthesecondtermdescribesthetypeofmovement.Thematerialtypesused bythevariousschemesareRock,Earth,Soil,MudandDebris,beingclassifiedasfollows:Rock:is“ahardorfirmmassthatwasintactandinitsnaturalplacebeforetheinitiationofmovement”.Soil:is“anaggregateofsolidparticles,ge

6、nerallyofmineralsandrocks,thateitherwastransportedorwasformedbytheweatheringofrockinplace.Gasesorliquidsfillingtheporesofthesoilformpartofthesoil”.Earth:“describesmaterialinwhich80%ormoreoftheparticlesaresmallerthan2mm,theupperlimitofsandsizedparticles”.Mud:“describesmaterialinwhich80

7、%ormoreoftheparticlesaresmallerthan0.06mm,theupperlimitofsiltsizedparticles”.Debris:“containsasignificantproportionofcoarsematerial;20%to80%oftheparticlesarelargerthan2mm,andtheremainderarelessthan2mm”.Thetermsusedshoulddescribethedisplacedmaterialinthelandslidebeforeitwasdisplaced.Th

8、etype