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1、可逆性后部白质脑病综合征临床特征和MRI影像学研究[摘要]目的探讨可逆性后部白质脑病综合征(RPLS)的MRI影像学特征及临床表现、早期诊断和治疗。方法分析8例RPLS患者的临床及影像学资料。结果主要临床表现为头晕、头痛、视物模糊、癫痫发作、恶心、呕吐、精神障碍和行为改变。MRI检查显示双侧大脑后部白质水肿,额叶、顶叶、颖叶、脑干、小脑、基底节区和大脑皮质亦可累及。MRI表现T1WI为略低或等信号,T2WI和FLAIR为高信号,DWI呈等或低信号,ADC图呈高信号。结论RPLS的发病机制为急性脑白质血管源性水肿。绝大多数患者通过积极的治疗后,症状、体征和MRI表现可以完
2、全恢复至病前水平。DWI和ADC图对早期明确诊断和指导治疗具有非常重要的意义。[关键词]可逆性后部白质脑病综合征;诊断;影像学[中图分类号]R742[文献标识码]B[文章编号]1673-9701(2013)36-0070-02TheclinicalcharacteristicsandMRIimaginganalysisofreversibleposteriorleukoencephalopathysyndromeLIJiaogenSUNXiaomingDepartmentofRadiology,NingdeMindongHospitalAffiliatedtoFujia
3、nMedicalUniversity,Ningde355000,China[Abstract]ObjectiveTostudytheMRIimagingfeatures,clinicalmanifestations,earlydiagnosisandtreatmentofreversibleposteriorleukoencephalopathysyndrome(RPLS).MethodsTheclinicalandimagingfeaturesof8caseswithRPLSwereanalyzed.ResultsThemainclinicalmanifestatio
4、nsincludedheadache,disturbanceofvision,nausea,vomiting,epilepsy,consciousdisturbance,psychiatriedisorderandactionabnormality.Neuroimagingtestfoundthatedemamainlyappearedintheposteriorcerebralwhitematterbilaterally,frontallobe,parietallobe,temporallobe,brainstem,cerebellumandbasalnucleus,
5、andthegreymattercouldbealsoinvolved.ThelesionsshowedhypointenseorisosignalinT1WI,lowsignalinT2WIandFLAIRhighsigna1.Thelesionalsodemonstratedhyperintenseinapparentdiffusioncoefficient(ADC)mapandhypointenseorisosignalindiffusionweightedmagneticresonanceimaging(DWI).ConclusionThepathophysio
6、logicalmechanismofRPLSisacutevasogenicedema.Thesymptoms,signsandMRIfeaturescouldfullyrecoverinmostofRPLScases.DWIandADCmapmaybecrucialtotheexactdiagnosisandtreatmentinearlystage.[Keywords]Reversibleposteriorleukoencephalopathysyndrome;Diagnosis;Imaging可逆性后部白质脑病综合征(reversibleposteriorleuk
7、oencephalopathysyndrome,RPLS)于1996年由Hinchey等[1]首先报道,是以头晕、头痛、视物模糊、癫痫发作、恶心、呕吐、精神障碍和行为改变为主要表现的临床综合征。最常见病因为高血压,若予积极及时有效的治疗,绝大多数患者预后较好,症状、体征和MRI表现可以基本恢复正常,故早期明确诊断具有重大意义,本文现将我院2009〜2013年确诊的8例RPLS患者的临床资料报道如下。1资料与方法1.1一般资料本组患者8例,其中女6例,男2例,年龄18〜36岁。妊娠高血压综合征6例,慢性肾功能衰竭1例,高血压病1例,6例患者