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1、REWARDEXPECTATIONSANDALLOCATIVEBEHAVIORS:AMATHEMATICALMODELM.HamitFis¸ekandDavidG.WagnerABSTRACTWepresentaspecificmathematicalmodelforpredictingallocativebehaviorsinthecontextofrewardexpectationstheory.Wetestthegoodnessoffitofthemodeltodatafromtwoempiricalstudiesanddemonst
2、ratethatitfitsquitewell.Wealsosuggestalternativeresearchusesforthemodel.INTRODUCTIONDistributivejusticethatis,socialperceptionsaboutthefairnessofrewardallocationsto,orsharingofmaterialorhonorificresourcesbetween,individualsinsocialsettingshasbeenoftraditionalconcernforsoci
3、alpsychologists(Adams,1965;Homans,1961;Jasso,1980;Walster,Berscheid&Walster,1976).Oneofthetheoreticalapproachestothestudyofdistributivejusticehasbeendevelopedwithintheconceptualframeworkofexpectationstatestheory(seeBerger,1988forareviewofexpectationstatestheory).Thisappr
4、oachhasledtothedevelopmentofamathematicalformulationofatheoryofjusticethetheoryofrewardexpectations(Berger,Fisek,Norman&Wagner,1985).Thistheoryisanabstractandgeneraltheory.Althoughitiscapableofmakingnumericalpredictionsingeneralform,theapplicationofthetheorytoanyPowerand
5、StatusAdvancesinGroupProcesses,Volume20,133–148Copyright©2003byElsevierLtd.AllrightsofreproductioninanyformreservedISSN:0882-6145/doi:10.1016/S0882-6145(03)20005-9133134M.HAMITFIS¸EKANDDAVIDG.WAGNERconcretesocialsettingandtoaspecifictypeofallocativebehaviorrequiresthatasp
6、ecificmodelforthesettingandtypeofbehaviorneedstobeconstructed.Thepurposeofthispaperistopresentonesuchmodelandtotestitwiththeavailablerelevantdata.THEORETICALBACKGROUNDThetheoryofrewardexpectationsisbasedonthetheoryofstatuscharacteristicsandexpectationstates(Berger,Fisek,N
7、orman&Zelditch,1977)andsharesthecoreassumptionsofthattheoryaswellasthemathematicalrepresentation.Thescopeofthetheory,likethatofstatuscharacteristicstheory,islimitedtosituationswherecollectivelyorientedactorsareworkingonvaluedtaskswithwelldefinedsuccessandfailureoutcomes,a
8、ndwheretheactorsmaybeallocatedgoalobjects.SuchsituationsarecalledSsituations,andgraphtheoreticstructure
