[博弈论书籍].game.thoery,thomas s. ferguson,university of california at los angeles

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1、GAMETHEORYThomasS.FergusonUniversityofCaliforniaatLosAngelesContentsIntroduction.References.PartI.ImpartialCombinatorialGames.1.1Take-AwayGames.1.2TheGameofNim.1.3GraphGames.1.4SumsofCombinatorialGames.1.5CoinTurningGames.1.6GreenHackenbush.References.PartII.Two-PersonZero-SumGames.2.1The

2、StrategicFormofaGame.2.2MatrixGames.Domination.2.3ThePrincipleofIndifference.2.4SolvingFiniteGames.2.5TheExtensiveFormofaGame.12.6RecursiveandStochasticGames.2.7ContinuousPokerModels.PartIII.Two-PersonGeneral-SumGames.3.1BimatrixGames—SafetyLevels.3.2NoncooperativeGames—Equilibria.3.3Model

3、sofDuopoly.3.4CooperativeGames.PartIV.GamesinCoalitionalForm.4.1Many-PersonTUGames.4.2ImputationsandtheCore.4.3TheShapleyValue.4.4TheNucleolus.Appendixes.A.1UtilityTheory.A.2ContractionMapsandFixedPoints.A.3ExistenceofEquilibriainFiniteGames.2INTRODUCTION.Gametheoryisafascinatingsubject.W

4、eallknowmanyentertaininggames,suchaschess,poker,tic-tac-toe,bridge,baseball,computergames—thelistisquitevariedandalmostendless.Inaddition,thereisavastareaofeconomicgames,discussedinMyerson(1991)andKreps(1990),andtherelatedpoliticalgames,Ordeshook(1986),Shubik(1982),andTaylor(1995).Thecomp

5、etitionbetweenfirms,theconflictbetweenmanagementandlabor,thefighttogetbillsthroughcongress,thepowerofthejudiciary,warandpeacenegotiationsbetweencountries,andsoon,allprovideexamplesofgamesinaction.Therearealsopsychologicalgamesplayedonapersonallevel,wheretheweaponsarewords,andthepayoffsaregood

6、orbadfeelings,Berne(1964).Therearebiologicalgames,thecompetitionbetweenspecies,wherenaturalselectioncanbemodeledasagameplayedbetweengenes,Smith(1982).Thereisaconnectionbetweengametheoryandthemathematicalareasoflogicandcomputerscience.Onemayviewtheoreticalstatisticsasatwopersongameinwhichn

7、aturetakestheroleofoneoftheplayers,asinBlackwellandGirshick(1954)andFerguson(1968).Gamesarecharacterizedbyanumberofplayersordecisionmakerswhointeract,possiblythreateneachotherandformcoalitions,takeactionsunderuncertainconditions,andfinallyreceivesomebenefitorrewardorp