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1、EconomicTheoriesofOrganizationAuthor(s):CharlesPerrowSource:TheoryandSociety,Vol.15,No.1/2,SpecialDoubleIssue:StructuresofCapital(Jan.,1986),pp.11-45Publishedby:SpringerStableURL:http://www.jstor.org/stable/657174.Accessed:12/12/201322:42YouruseoftheJSTORarchiveindi
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4、rom113.108.133.58onThu,12Dec201322:42:19PMAllusesubjecttoJSTORTermsandConditions11EconomictheoriesoforganizationCHARLESPERROWDepartmentofSociology,OrganizationandManagement,YaleUniversityUntilthelasttenyearsorsotherelationshipbetweeneconomicsandor-ganizationalanalys
5、ishasbeenaquitedistantone.Mosteconomicthe-oriststreatedtheorganizationasanentrepreneurinafieldofen-trepreneurs,andsawlittleneedtoinquireintothenatureoftheorganizationitself.Ontheotherhand,organizationalanalystspaidrela-tivelylittleattentiontotheinteractionoforganiza
6、tions,evenlesstoin-dustrycharacteristics,andvirtuallynonetotheroleoforganizationsintheeconomyasawhole.Theorganizationrespondedtoanenvironment,anditsresponsewasthefocusofinterest,nottheenvironment.Thishaschanged.Twocloselyrelatedbodiesoftheoryineconomics-agencytheory
7、andtransaction-costanalysis-havetakentheinternaloperationofthefirmasproblematicalandhaveinvestigatedit.Agencytheoryhasfocusedupontheproblemthe"principal"hasincontrollingtheem-ployee("agent"),andtransaction-costanalysishasfocuseduponthead-vantagesofeliminatingmarketc
8、ontractsbyincorporatingsuppliersanddistributersintoone'sownfirm-thereplacementofthemarketbyahierarchy.Organizationalanalysts,ontheotherhan
