船舶制冷—中央空调 毕业设计

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1、南通航运职业技术学院毕业设计（论文）班级专业机电一体化题目船舶制冷—中央空调学生姓名指导教师年月日摘要摘要空调在我们日常生活中已经非常普遍，也可以说是不可或缺的家电，因为在我们所居住的地区，受季节的影响，会出现寒冷及酷热的时期，那么，大家为了能舒适，安全的度过这一时期，纷纷安装了空调，因为空调可以让你的室温达到冬暖夏凉的效果。首先了解到空调的几个基本的组成设备，有压缩机，冷凝器，膨胀阀，蒸发器，滑油分离器，制冷方式:液体制冷剂在膨胀阀的节流作用下进入蒸发盘管中，制冷剂就会在较低的压力下吸热汽化，从空气中吸取热量，使空气温度降低，从而实现制冷。为了使蒸发管中的压力不会因为不断流入汽化的

2、制冷剂而升高，压缩机把制冷剂抽出，一是维持蒸发器低压，同时把高温高压的气态制冷剂送到冷凝器中，使气态冷剂放热从而液化，然后再一次进入循环系统。对船舶空调的要求:船舶空调主要用于满足人们对工作和生活环境舒适和卫生的要求。对温度湿度等空气条件的要求并不十分严格，允许在稍大的范围内变动，属于舒适性设备。(1)温度:温度条件冬季为19～24℃，夏季为21～28℃。我国的标准为冬季19～22℃，夏季为24～28℃。(2)湿度:人对空气的湿度并不敏感，夏季空调采用去湿法，控制在40％～50％；冬季在30％～40％为宜。(3)清新程度:清新程度就是指空气清洁和新鲜的程度。如果只从满足人对氧的需要出

3、发，供给量在2．4m3／h。(4)气流速度:室内气流速度以0．15～0．20m／s为宜，最大不超过0．35m／s，否则人会感到不舒服。关键词：效果；设备；要求第1页共18页摘要第1页共18页目录目录摘要···············································································1第一章概述··········································································31.1制冷与制冷方法························

4、·································31.1.1天然制冷·························································31.1.2人工制冷·························································31.2制冷技术中常用术语····························································4第二章制冷装置和主要设备··········································

5、·············62.1装置的组成及制冷循环···················································62.2主要设备·······························································6目录2.2.1活塞式制冷压缩机·················································62.2.2冷凝器与蒸发器···················································72.2.3膨胀阀········

6、···················································82.3制冷装置的自动控制元件·················································82.3.1热力膨胀阀·······················································82.3.2电子膨胀阀·······················································82.3.3水量调节阀·····································

7、·················102.3.4恒压阀··························································10第三章中央空调系统原理及调试·················································113.1空调的基本组成及作用··················································11目录3.2中央空调的工作原