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1、高考英语语法必考考点特殊句型【考点解读】一、倒装“倒装句”从结构上看有完全倒装和部分倒装两种。谓语动词全部位于主语之前的称作完全倒装；只将谓语的一部分(通常是助动词或情态动词)放在主语之前的称作部分倒装。从实际使用看，倒装有两种功能作用：一是出于语法要求的语法倒装；二是出于修辞或强调需要的修辞倒装。(一)完全倒装1.表示方式或方位的副词与介词短语等置于句首时。常见的有：there,here,in,out,away,up,down,from,off,back,over,then,now,so,thus,intheroom,onthewall等。The
2、reexistdifferentopinionsonthisquestion.AmongthegoodsareChristmastrees,flowers,candlesandtoys.*当主语为代词时主谓不倒装。试比较：Outrushedthechildren.Outtheyrushed.2.such置于句首时。Sucharethefacts,andnoonecandenythem.3.表语置于句首时。Gonearethedayswhenmyheartwasyoungandhappy.(二)部分倒装1.当only放在句首，修饰副词、介词短语或状语
3、从句。Onlybyshoutingatthetopofhisvoicewasheabletomakehimselfheard.*only后面接句子主语时，不需要用倒装句式。Onlywiththegreatestofluckdidshemanagetoescapefromtherisingfloodwaters.(2012·上海高考)2.否定副词或词组not,nor,never,hardly,rarely,few,seldom,little,neither,bynomeans,atnotime,undernocircumstances,innoway
4、,atnotime置于句首时。NeverinmylifehaveIseensuchathing.HardlydoIthinkitpossibletofinishthejobbeforedark.3.often,well,manyatime,nowandagain等方式或频度副词(短语)置于句首时。ManyatimehasJohngivenmegoodadvice.4.在以下九个固定句式结构中，句子可以部分倒装。(1)so＋be/助动词/情态动词＋主语。Heusedtodosportseveryday.SodidI.*在答句中，有些情况不用倒装，这时
5、，意义有所不同。—LiHuahasmadegreatprogressinhisspokenEnglish.—Sohehas.(意为“他确实如此”。表示对以上陈述的肯定赞同)(2)neither/nor＋be/助动词/情态动词＋主语。Theheadmasterwillnotpermitthechangeinthecourse,norwillheevengiveitathought.(3)so...that...Soharddidheoverworkthathefellillatlast.(4)neither...nor...NeitherdoIkno
6、wit,nordoIcareaboutit.(5)notonly...but(also)...NotonlydoIlikepainting,butI(also)takeacourse.*此结构连接主语时不倒装。Notonlyhebutalsohisparentsaresick.(6)notuntil...Notuntilmysonhadenteredtheuniversitydidherealizetheimportanceoftime.*此结构中主句要求倒装，但从句不倒装。(7)hardly...when.../nosooner...than..
7、.Hardlyhadshesatdownwhensheheardsomeoneknockingatthedoor.Nosoonerhadshesteppedoutofthehousethanitbegantorain.*这两个结构都要求主句谓语用过去完成时。(8)as/though引导的让步状语从句。TryasImight,Icouldn’tliftthestone.(9)虚拟条件句若有had,were,should时，可省略if,从句部分倒装。Hadtheynothelpedus,wecouldnothavedoneitsosuccessfull
8、y.Shouldhecome,say“nobodyin”tohim.WereIyou,Iwouldnotmakesucha
