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1、高考英语语法必考考点代词【考点解读】概述一、人称代词:人称代词有主格和宾格之分,主格在句中作主语、表语等成分,宾格在句中作动词、介词宾语、同位语等成分,有时也可作表语。不仅指人,也可指物,有人称和数的变化。【注意】在连词than和as引导的比较状语从句中常常省略从句,只保留人称代词,人称代词作主语时要用主格,在口语中也常用宾格;但当人称代词后有动词时就必须用主格。如:MysisterspeaksEnglishaswellasme/I.(口语中常用me)MysisterspeaksEnglishaswellasId
2、o.(此时只能用I)二、物主代词:1.物主代词分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词,必须与所指的名词在人称、数和性别方面保持一致。如:Thewaitersofferedtheirfoodtothehomelessman.【注意】单数阳性名词和单数阴性名词连用作主语时,如果前面有every,each修饰,谓语动词用单数,代词用his。如:Eachboyandeachgirlwantstolendhisraincoattothesoldiers.2.形容词性物主代词相当于形容词,只能作名词或动名词的定语。e.g.Th
3、isisourclassroom.Wouldyoumindmyopeningthewindow?3.名词性物主代词相当于“形容词性物主代词+名词”,可单独作主语、宾语、表语。此外,名词性物主代词还可与名词及of连用,构成双重所有格。如:Thisishercoat.Mineisoverthere.Somefriendsofminewillattendmybirthdayparty.三、反身代词:1.反身代词通常在enjoy,teach,hurt,buy,introduce,seat,dress,express,am
4、use,behave等动词和by,for,to,of等介词后作宾语。如:Hewasleftathomebyhimselfthewholedayyesterday.2.反身代词可以作主语的同位语,主要起加强语气的作用,意为“亲自,本人,亲身”。e.g.Theteacherandpupilsmendedtheroadthemselves.3.反身代词可以在be,feel,look,seem等系动词后作表语,表示身体或精神状态处于正常。e.g.—Youlookpale.What’swrongwithyou?—I’mno
5、tfeelingmyselftoday,notserious,though.注意(1)反身代词本身不能单独作主语。(正)Imyselfdrovethecar. 我自己开车。(误)Myselfdrovethecar.(2)在由and,or,nor连接的并列主语中,第二个主语可用反身代词,特别是myself作主语。e.g.Charlesandmyselfsawit.(3)在不强调的情况下,but,except,for等介词后宾语用反身代词或人称代词均可。e.g.Noonebutmyself/meishurt.4.反身
6、代词的习惯搭配(1)介词+反身代词foroneself为自己;亲自地tooneself对自己;独用ofoneself自动地byoneself独自地(2)动词+反身代词dressoneself自己穿衣makeoneselfathome不要客气seatoneself=beseated就坐teachoneself自学cometooneself苏醒devoteoneselfto=bedevotedto致力于enjoyoneself过得愉快,玩得高兴helponeselfto自行取用,请自便accustomoneselft
7、o=beaccustomedto习惯于amuseoneself消遣,自娱behaveoneself表现良好applyoneselftosth.致力于explainoneself说明自己的意图expressoneself表达自己的思想abandononeselfto沉迷于,放纵四、指示代词:1.指上文提到的事物,一般用that,有时也用this;指下文将要提到的事物,常用this或these。如:HesaidIwaslying,andthatwasunfair.(that指代上文HesaidIwaslying)Wh
8、atIwantyoutorememberisthis:Practisemakesperfect.(此句中this指代下文,不能换为that)2.that/those可作定语从句的先行词,但this/these不能;其中those可指人,但that不能。如:Shehasknownthatwhichshewantedtoknow.Iadmirethosewhoarealway