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1、QuantumKineticTheoryandApplicationsElectrons,Photons,PhononsQuantumKineticTheoryandApplicationsElectrons,Photons,PhononsFEDIRT.VASKOOLEGE.RAICHEVInstituteofSemiconductorPhysicsNASofUkraine,KievFedirT.VaskoOlegE.RaichevInstituteofSemiconductorPhysics,NASInstituteofSemiconductorPhysics,NAS45Pros
2、pektNauki45ProspektNaukiKiev03028UkraineKiev03028UkraineLibraryofCongressControlNumber:2005926337ISBN-10:0-387-26028-5e-ISBN:0-387-28041-3ISBN-13:978-0387-26028-0Printedonacid-freepaper.©2005SpringerScience+BusinessMedia,Inc.Allrightsreserved.Thisworkmaynotbetranslatedorcopiedinwholeorinpartwi
3、thoutthewrittenpermissionofthepublisher(SpringerScience+BusinessMedia,Inc.,233SpringStreet,NewYork,NY10013,USA),exceptforbriefexcerptsinconnectionwithreviewsorscholarlyanalysis.Useinconnectionwithanyformofinformationstorageandretrieval,electronicadaptation,computersoftware,orbysimilarordissimi
4、larmethodologynowknownorhereafterdevelopedisforbidden.Theuseinthispublicationoftradenames,trademarks,servicemarksandsimilarterms,eveniftheyarenotidentifiedassuch,isnottobetakenasanexpressionofopinionastowhetherornottheyaresubjecttoproprietaryrights.PrintedintheUnitedStatesofAmerica.(HAM)987654
5、321springeronline.comPrefacePhysicalkineticsisthefinalsectionofthecourseoftheoreticalphysicsinitsstandardpresentation.Itstaysattheboundarybetweengen-eraltheoriesandtheirapplications(solidstatetheory,theoryofgases,plasma,andsoon),becausethetreatmentofkineticphenomenaalwaysdependsonspecificstructu
6、ralfeaturesofmaterials.Ontheotherhand,thephysicalkineticsasapartofthequantumtheoryofmacroscopicsystemsisfarfrombeingcomplete.Anumberofitsfundamentalis-sues,suchastheproblemofirreversibilityandmechanismsofchaoticresponses,arenowattractingconsiderableattention.Otherimportantsections,forexample,k
7、ineticphenomenaindisorderedand/orstronglynon-equilibriumsystemsand,inparticular,phasetransitionsinthesesystems,arecurrentlyunderinvestigation.Thequantumtheoryofmea-surementsandquantuminformationprocessingactivelydevelopinginthelastdecad
