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1、SeriesonAdvancesinQuantumMany-BodyTheory-Vol.7INTRODUCTIONTOMODERNMETHODSOFQUANTUMMANY-BODYTHEORYANDTHEIRAPPLICATIONSImEditorsAdelchiFabrociniStefanoFantoniEckhardKrotscheckWorldScientificINTRODUCTIONTOMODERNMETHODSOFQUANTUMMANY-BODYTHEORYANDTHEIRAPPLICATIONSThispagei
2、sintentionallyleftblankSeriesonAdvancesinQuantumMany-BodyTheory-Vol.7INTRODUCTIONTOMODERNMETHODSOFQUANTUMMANY-BODYTHEORYANDTHEIRAPPLICATIONSEditorsAdelchiFabrociniUniversityofPisa,ItalyStefanoFantoniNationalInstituteforAdvancedStudies,ItalyEckhardKrotscheckJohannes-Ke
3、plerUniversity,Austria3gWorldScientificwkNewJersey•LondonSingapore•Sine•HongKongPublishedbyWorldScientificPublishingCo.Pte.Ltd.POBox128,FarrerRoad,Singapore912805USAoffice:SuiteIB,1060MainStreet,RiverEdge,NJ07661UKoffice:57SheltonStreet,CoventGarden,LondonWC2H9HEBrit
4、ishLibraryCataloguing-in-PublicationDataAcataloguerecordforthisbookisavailablefromtheBritishLibrary.INTRODUCTIONTOMODERNMETHODSOFQUANTUMMANY-BODYTHEORYANDTHEIRAPPLICATIONSCopyright©2002byWorldScientificPublishingCo.Pte.Ltd.Allrightsreserved.Thisbook,orpartsthereof,may
5、notbereproducedinanyformorbyanymeans,electronicormechanical,includingphotocopying,recordingoranyinformationstorageandretrievalsystemnowknownortobeinvented,withoutwrittenpermissionfromthePublisher.Forphotocopyingofmaterialinthisvolume,pleasepayacopyingfeethroughtheCopy
6、rightClearanceCenter,Inc.,222RosewoodDrive,Danvers,MA01923,USA.Inthiscasepermissiontophotocopyisnotrequiredfromthepublisher.ISBN981-238-069-8PrintedinSingaporebyMainlandPressCONTENTSPREFACExiChapter1DENSITYFUNCTIONALTHEORY11.Introduction11.1.Unitsandnotation31.2.Hartr
7、ee-Focktheory31.3.Homogeneouselectrongas51.3.1.Freeelectrons61.3.2.Exchangeenergy72.Whatisdensityfunctionaltheory?82.1.Hohenberg-Kohntheorem82.2.Asimpleexample:theThomas-Fermitheory92.2.1.VariationalequationofThomas-Fermitheory102.2.2.Thomas-Fermiatom102.2.3.Anexample
8、123.Kohn-Shamtheory133.1.Localdensityapproximation133.2.Spinandthelocalspindensityapproximation143.3.Thegeneralizedgradienta
