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1、LECTURESONLECTURESONAMathematicalandStructuralFoundationsChrisJ.IshamImperialCollege,LondonImperialCollegePressPublishedbyImperialCollegePress57SheltonStreetCoventGardenLondonWC2H9HEDistributedbyWorldScientificPublishingCo.Pte.Ltd.P0Box128,FarrerRoad,S
2、ingapore912805USAojjice:SuiteIB,1060MainStreet,RiverEdge,NJ07661UKofice:57SheltonStreet,CoventGarden,LondonWC2H9HEFirstpublished1995Reprintedwithalargertypeface1997,2001LibraryofCongressCataloging-in-PublicationDataIsham,C.J.Lecturesonquantumtheory:mat
3、hematicalandstructuralfoundations/ChrisJ.Ishamp.cm.Includesbibliographicalreferencesandindex.ISBN18609400051860940013(pbk.)1.Quantumtheory--Mathematics.2.Mathematicalphysics.I.Title.QC174.17.M35184199595025184530.1'2--dc20BritishLibraryCataloguing-in-P
4、ublicationDataAcataloguerecordforthisbookisavailablefromtheBritishLibrary.Copyright01995byImperialCollegePressAllrightsreserved.Thisbook,orpartsthereoxmaynotbereproducedinanyformorbyanymeans,electronicormechanical,includingphotocopying,recordingoranyin
5、formationstorageandretrievalsystemnowknownortobeinvented,withoutwrittenpermissionfromthePublisher.Forphotocopyingofmaterialinthisvolume,pleasepayacopyingfeethroughtheCopyrightClearanceCenter,Inc.,222RosewoodDrive,Danvers,MA01923,USA.Inthiscasepermissio
6、ntophotocopyisnotrequiredfromthepublisher.PrintedinSingaporebyUtePrintPrefaceThisbookisbasedonnoteshandedouttostudentsatImperialCollegewhoattendedmyundergraduatelecturecourseonquantumtheoryduringtheyears1989to1994.AllstudentsinthePhysicsDepartmenttakea
7、tleasttwocoursesinquantumtheory:oneintheirfirstyear,andoneintheirsecond.Mycoursewaspartofthethirdyeartheoreticalphysicsoption.Thus,inpreparingthenotes,Icouldassumeagenuineinterestinmathematicalapproachestophysics,plusamoderateknowledgeofbasicwavemechan
8、ics,andasmallexposuretotheideasofelectronspinandthePaulispinmatrices.Theaimofmylectureswastobuildonthisbackgroundtoprovideanintroductiontothestructuralfoundationsofmodernquantumtheory.Thescopeisdeliberatelylimitedtothenon-relativisticre
