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《宗教的神经生理学基础【neuropsychological - why god wont go away】》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在学术论文-天天文库。
1、THENEUROPSYCHOLOGICALBASISOFRELIGIONS,ORWHYGODWON’TGOAWAYbyEugeneG.d’AquiliandAndrewB.NewbergAbstract.Bytheendoftheeighteenthcentury,theintellectualelitegenerallybelievedthatreligionwouldsoonvanishbecauseoftheadventoftheHigherCriticismandthescientificmethod.How-ever,twohundredy
2、earslater,religionsandtheconceptofGodhavenotgoneawayand,inmanyinstances,appeartobegaininginstrength.Thispaperconsiderstheneuropsychologicalbasisofrelig-ionandreligiousconceptsandtriestodevelopanunderstandingofwhyreligiondoesnotgoawaysoeasily.Ingeneral,religionappearstoservetwom
3、ajorfunctions—itisasystemofself-maintenanceandasystemofself-transcendence.Sincebothofthesefunctionsbeardirectlyonhumansurvivalandadaptability,theneuropsychologicalmechanismsthatunderliereligionsappeartohavebecomethor-oughlyingrainedinthehumangenepoolandultimatelyhumanexperience
4、.Thispaperreviewsthesetwofunctionsofreligionsfromaneuropsychologicalperspectivetotrytoexplainwhyreligioncon-tinuestothrive.Finally,weconsidertheconclusionsregardingreal-ityandepistemologythataneuropsychologicalanalysisofreligiousexperiencesuggests.Keywords:neuroepistemology;neu
5、ropsychology;religion;self-maintenance;self-transcendence.1.RELIGIONASAPROBLEMIntheeighteenthcentury,religionwassometimesdescribedascetteespèced’ignoranceprofonde.Itwasbelievedtowardtheendoftheeighteenthcen-turythatreligionasaformofprofoundignorancewouldsimplyvanishwithgenerale
6、ducation,alongwithitsGodorgodsanditssuperstitioustrappings.InthisscenariothedevelopmentofthehighercriticismwithEugeneG.d’AquiliisaClinicalAssociateProfessorofPsychiatryattheHospitaloftheUniversityofPennsylvania,2400ChestnutStreet,Philadelphia,PA19103.AndrewB.NewbergisaFellowint
7、heDivisionofNuclearMedicineandanInstructorintheDepart-mentofPsychiatryattheHospitaloftheUniversityofPennsylvania,2400ChestnutStreet,Philadelphia,PA19103.BothareDirectorsoftheInstitutefortheScientificStudyofMeditation.ThisworkwassupportedbytheJohnTempletonFoundation.[Zygon,vol.3
8、3,no.2(June1998).]©1998bytheJointPublicationofBoardofZ
