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1、实用标准文案跨文化交际技巧参考答案定义题1、Interculturalcommunication跨文化交际P3TherearethreekindsofthingsyouneedtolearnifyouwanttobeabletocommunicateeffectivelywithWesterners.First,youneedtolearnaforeignlanguage,usuallyEnglish.Second,youshouldlearnasmuchaspossibleaboutWesterncultures.H
2、owever,studyingEnglishlanguageandWesterncultureisnotenough.Youshouldalsolearnsomethingaboutwhathappenswhenpeoplefromdifferentculturestrytocommunicatewitheachother—inotherwords,"interculturalcommunication."2、Individualist个人主义Individualistcultureisoneinwhichpeople
3、tendtoviewthemselvesasindividualsandemphasizetheneedsofindividuals.Ingeneral,Westernculturetendstobeindividualist.Theyviewthemselvesasindependentofcollectives;areprimarilymotivatedbytheirownpreferences,needs,rights,andthecontactstheyhaveestablishedwithothers;giv
4、eprioritytotheirpersonalgoalsoverthegoalsofothers;andemphasizerationalanalysesoftheadvantagesanddisadvantagestoassociatingwithothers.3、Collectivist集体主义Collectivistcultureisoneinwhichpeopletendtoviewthemselvesasmembersofgroups(families,workunits,tribes,nations),a
5、ndusuallyconsidertheneedsofthegrouptobemoreimportantthantheneedsofindividuals.MostAsiancultures,includingChina's,tendtobecollectivist.Peopleseethemselvesaspartsofoneormorecollectives;areprimarilymotivatedbythenormsof,anddutiesimposedby,thosecollectives;arewillin
6、gtogiveprioritytothegoalsofthesecollectivesovertheirownpersonalgoals;andemphasizetheirconnectednesstomembersofthesecultures.4、publicbehavior/privatebehaviorPublicbehavioristhebehaviorinpublicsettings,suchasinworkplaces,shopsandsoon.Privatebehavioristhebehaviorin
7、privatelife,suchaswhenyouareathomeorwithyourfamilyandsoon.Bothindividualistandcollectivistculturesmakeadistinctionbetweenpubliclifeandprivatelife.However,individualistWesternculturestendtomakeanespeciallyclearandfirmdistinctionbetweenthepublicandprivate,andgener
8、allyfeelthatthesetwoaspectsoflifeshouldbekeptseparatefromeachother.Inotherwords,Westernerstendtobelievethathavingapersonalrelationshipwithsomeoneshouldnotaffecthowyou
