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ID:31226765
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页数:7页
时间:2019-01-07
《植物的时空这旅》由会员上传分享,免费在线阅读,更多相关内容在学术论文-天天文库。
1、植物的时空这旅 Soundslikesciencefiction?Well,itisn't. Everyyearbillionsofbabiesaredriedandburied,nottobeunburiedforweeks,months,yearsorevendecades.Don'tworry.Thesearenotbabieslikeyourlittlebrotherorsister;thesearebabyplants,orasyoumightcallthem,seeds.Whywouldamomdosuchathin
2、g?Toanswerthisquestion,imagineyouareaplant.Youhavenolegsorwingsorfins.Youcan'tmovefromtheplacewhereyouarerooted.Youcan'tturnontheheatwhenitgetscoldortheairconditionerwhenitgetshot.Ifitdoesn'trainnearyou,youcan'tgogetthewaterfromsomeplaceelse.Nowlet'ssayyou'rereadytorep
3、roduce1),howcouldyoutakecareofyourbabies?Howcouldyoubesurethey'dhaveagoodchanceatsurvival?Theanswerformotherplantsistopackthemupinaspecialtimecapsulecalledaseed. 听上去像科幻小说?不过这不是。7 每年都有数以十亿计的小宝宝经过脱水后被埋入地下,此后的数周、数月、数年甚至数十年都在不见天日的地下度过。别担心,我说的不是像你的弟弟或妹妹那样的人类宝宝,而是植物宝宝,也许你更
4、习惯叫它们种子。植物妈妈为什么要做这种事呢?要回答这个问题,得先把自己想象成一株植物。没有腿脚、翅膀,也没有鳍,你只能扎根在原地不动,天冷了没法开暖气,天热了也没有空调。如果附近不下雨,你也没法去别的地方找水。现在假设你已经到了该生儿育女的阶段,你怎么照顾自己的小宝宝呢?你怎么确定它们会有良好的存活机会呢?对植物妈妈们来说,解决的办法就是把孩子们装入一种特殊的时间胶囊――种子。 Howisaseedlikeatimecapsule? 为什么说种子像时间胶囊? Likeachickenegg,aseedisapackagecon
5、tainingtheplantembryo2)andfoodforthebabyplant.Thepackageisthencoveredinaprotectivehardshellcalledtheseedcoat.Butunlikechickeneggs,mostseedscanremaindormant3)forweeksoryears,waitingfortheconditionstoberight.Whenthetimeisrighttheseedgerminates4)andthenewplantstartstogrow
6、. 与鸡蛋类似,一颗种子里面包含着植物的胚胎和供植物幼体消耗的养分,外面还包裹着一层叫做种皮的硬壳,能够起到保护作用。不过,与鸡蛋不同的是,大多数种子都能休眠数周甚至数年,以等待合适的条件生根发芽。当时机来临,种子就会发芽,长成新的植株。 Whatconditionsdoseedsneedtostartgrowing? 种子开始生长需要哪些条件? Sometimesseedsonlyneedwater.Butotherseedsgetcluesfromtheirenvironmentthattellthemthetimeis
7、right.Whatkindofcluesdoseedsneedfromtheirsurroundings?Well,thatdepends7ontheseed.Seedsofannualplantsinthedesertwaituntilithasrainedalotandthengerminate.Someseedsontheforestfloorwaitforatreetofallandsunlighttohitthem.TheseedsoftheCaliforniachaparral5)plantswaitforthepla
8、ntsabovethemtoburn.Otherseedsneedtotravelthroughananimal'sgut6)andgetscarred7)bythedigestiveacidsinordertogerminate.
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