水文技术标准术语专业外语

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1、水文技术标准术语1河流及流域特征Characteristicsofriverandbasin1.1河流及水系Riverandriversystem1.1.1河流river1.1.2干流(主河)trunkriver(mainstream)1.1.3支流tributarystream(branchriver)1.1.4了可源riverhead(riversource,headwater)1.1.57可口rivermouth(estuary)1.1.6河长riverlength1.2.5深泓线thalweg1.2.6中泓线streamcentralline1.2.7落差drp[河道比降(纵坡降、坡

2、降)riverslope1.1.11河槽(河床)streamchannel1」」2水系(河系、河网)hydrographicnet(riversystem)1.1.13河网密度drainagedensity1.2流域特征Characteristicsofbasin・2・1流域watershed(basin,drainagearea)1.2.2流域分水线basindivide1.2.3流域面积(集水面积)watershedarea(drainagearea,catchmentarea)1.2.4流域长度(流域轴长)lengthofbasin流域植被率(植被度)percentageofveget

3、ationsindrainagearea流域湖泊率percentageoflakesindrainagearea流域沼泽率percentageofswampsindrainagearea水文分析计算hydrologicalanalysisandcomputation水文计算hydrologiccomputation水文计算hydrologicalcomputation水文统计hydrologicalstatistics累计频率accumulativefrequency重现期returnperiod水文频率曲线hydrologicalfrequencycurve设计频率designfreque

4、ncy相关分析corelationanalysis暴雨「ainstorm大暴雨largerai特大暴雨降雨血积暴雨中心暴雨强度暴雨历时2.2.12.2.22.2.32.2.42.2.52.2.6-rainstormextraordinaryrainstorm(雨区)precipitationarea(rainarea)rainstormcenterrainstormintensityrainstormduration点雨量pointprecipitation(pointrainfall)面雨量areaprecipitation(arearainfall)定点定面关系precipitation

5、relationshipbetweenfixedpointandfixedarea)动点动面关系（暴雨屮心点面关系）precipitationrelationshipbetweencenterpointandvariablearea）暴雨时、面、深关系depth-area-durationrelationshipofstorm（DAD）暴雨强度历时曲线durationcurveofstormintensity设计暴雨designrainstorm设计雨型designrainfallpattern暴雨等雨量线图isohyetmapofrainstorm可降水量probableprecipita

6、tion可能最大降雨probablemaximumprecipitation（PMP）暴雨模式rainstormmodel典型暴雨typicalrainstorm移置暴雨transpositionstorm组合暴雨syntheticstorm露点dewpoint地面露点dewpointatearthsurface代表性露点representativedewpoint可能最大露点probablemaximumdewpoint产流（汇流）runoffyield（concentrationofflow）产流runoffyield（runoffformation）蓄满产流runoffyieldund

7、ersaturatedstorage超渗产流runoffyieldunderexcessinfiltration下渗容量线（下渗曲线）infiltrationcapacitycurve初损initiallosses236最大初损maximuminitiallosses后损laterlosses降雨径流关系图rainfall-runoffrelationship设计净雨量designnetrainfall基流b