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1、IntroductiontoTheBookofSongsAsthefirstcollectionofpoemsinchina,TheBookofSongs(oranotherkindoftranslation—shījīng)recordedatotalof305poemscreatedoveraperiodof500yearsorso,fromtheearlyWesternZhouDynasty(西周)tothemiddleoftheSpringandAutumnPeriod.Ithadahistoryaslonga
2、stwothousandandfivehundredyears.GenerallybelievedthatagriculturebegananddevelopedintheZhouDynasty.AndintheBookofSongs,alotofpromsareaboutfarmingactivities.Intheotherhand,TheBookofSongsiscloselyrelatedtoancientmusicalactivitiesanddancing.Sosometakeitasthefirstwri
3、ttenmusicbookofancientChina.ThemoreancientapoemintheBookofSongsis,thecloserrelationbetweenitandofficial/sacrificial（祭祀）music.LaterpoemsoftheBookofSongsarefolksongs.Unfortunatelyafter5thcenturyB.C.,theoriginalmusicscores（乐谱）werecompletelylost.Thebooklaterbecameon
4、eofthesixclassics：（《诗经》《尚书》《仪礼》《乐经》《周易》《春秋》)oftheConfucianschool(儒学);Andalsothefountainhead(源头)ofChineseliterature.GenerallytheBookofSongswouldbedividedinto3sections:FolkSongs,Odes[əʊdz],andHymns[him].AndHymns[him]isdividedintoGreaterOdes&LesserOdes).Introductio
5、n—FolkSongs•SongsNO.1-160.•Contains15groupsofsongswithfolkfeatures,from15geographicalareas(地理区域）.•ThesefolksongsareRichincontent,dealingwithlabor,loveaffairs,marriage,hardshipsoftheunprivileged(弱势群体）,andprotestsagainsttyranny(暴政)andwar.Introduction—Odes•Intotal1
6、05poems,NO.161-265.•SomepoemsoverlapwiththeFolkSonginfolkattributes,andotherscomposedforbanquetsandfeasts(宴会和节日).•2kinds:GreaterOdes大雅,LesserOdes小雅.Introduction—Hymns•No.266-305•ItisdividedintotheZhouhymns(周颂),Luhymns(鲁颂),andShanghymns(商颂),i.e.,hymnsfromdifferen
7、tdynasties(王朝),andthehomestateofConfucius.•Mostoftheseareformal,ritualhymnsthatpraisetheancestorsenvisioned(展望),intherites(仪式).Introduction•Totallythesubjectmatterofthepoemsvariesgreatlyfromonesectiontoanother.•Whileinthepresentationofthemethetonemaybepositiveor
8、censuring,thelatereditorofthebook,Confucius(孔子),commentedthatthepoemscouldbedescribedas“Havingnodepravedthoughts(思无邪)”.StyleoftheBookofSongs•Ingeneral,straightforward
