《testprep语法精解》word版

《《testprep语法精解》word版》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在应用文档-天天文库。

1、Testprep语法精解GrammarThefieldofgrammarishugeandcomplex--tomeshavebeenwrittenonthesubject.Thiscomplexityshouldbenosurprisesincegrammardealswiththeprocessofcommunication.GMATgrammartestsonlyasmallpartofstandardwrittenEnglish.Grammarcanbedividedintotwoparts:MechanicsandUsage.Mechanicsconcernspunctua

2、tion,capitalization,etc.ItisnottestedontheGMATnearlyasoftenasisusage.Sodon’tspendtoomuchtimeworryingwhetherthecommaisintherightplaceorwhetheraparticularwordshouldbecapitalized.Usageconcernshowwechooseourwordsandhowweexpressourthoughts:inotherwords,aretheconnectionsbetweenthewordsinasentencelogi

3、callysound,andaretheyexpressedinawaythatconformstostandardidiom?ThisisthepartofgrammarthattheGMATconcentrateson.Sixmajorcategoriesofusagearetested:PronounErrorsSubject-VerbAgreementMisplacedModifiersFaultyParallelismFaultyVerbTenseFaultyIdiomPRONOUNERRORSApronounisawordthatstandsforanoun,knowna

4、stheantecedentofthepronoun.Thekeypointfortheuseofpronounsisthis:pronounsmustagreewiththeirantecedentsinbothnumber(singularorplural)andperson(first,second,orthird).Example:Stevehasyettoreceivehisdegree.Here,thepronounhisreferstothenounSteve.Followingisalistofthemostcommonpronouns:PRONOUNSSingula

5、rPluralBothSingularandPluralI,mewe,usanyshe,hertheynonehe,himthemallitthesemostanyonethosemoreeithersomewhoeachthatwhichmanyabothwhatnothingourselvesyouoneanyanothermanyeverythingfewmineseveralhis,hersothersthisthatReference?Apronounshouldbepluralwhenitreferstotwonounsjoinedbyand.Example:Janean

6、dKatarinabelievetheypassedthefinalexam.ThepluralpronountheyreferstothecompoundsubjectJaneandKatarina.?Apronounshouldbesingularwhenitreferstotwonounsjoinedbyorornor.FaultyUsageNeitherJanenorKatarinabelievestheypassedthefinal.Correct:NeitherJanenorKatarinabelievesshepassedthefinal.?Apronounshould

7、refertooneandonlyonenounorcompoundnoun.ThisisprobablythemostcommonerrorontheGMAT.Ifapronounfollowstwonouns,itisoftenunclearwhichofthenounsthepronounrefersto.FaultyUsageThebreakupoftheSovietUnionhasleftnuclearweaponsinthehandsofuns