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1、a.s.mCgradeIntroductionThestudyofmedievalphilosophyisflourishing,aswitnesstheselectivebibliographyforthisbook.Andyet,fromsomephilo-sophicalviewpoints–analytic,continental,orscience-oriented–thesubjectofthisvolumecanstillseemremote.Whereontologyrecapit-ulatesphilology,orDasei
2、nreplacesbeingandessence,ornaturalismneedsnoarguing,theimmersionofmedievalthinkersinquestionsabouteternity,God,andtheimmaterialityofintellectcanseemin-comprehensible,ifoccasionallyintriguing.ThisCompanionseekstoenhancefascinationwhilediminishingincomprehension.Thecon-tributo
3、rshopetobringreadersintomedievaldiscussionsasdirectlyaspossible,enablingthemtoappreciateforthemselvesthephilo-sophicalmotivesinstigatingthesediscussionsandtheboldness,sub-tlety,andanalyticrigorwithwhichtheywerecarriedon.Theaimistoexhibitthevarietyandfreshnessofmedievalapproa
4、chestoproblemsratherthantoevaluatesolutions.Thisisnottodenythattimelesstruthcanbefoundinthematerialpresented.Manystudentsofmedievalmetaphysicswouldholdthatthedisciplinehadenteredon“thesurepathofascience,”inKant’sphrase,severalcenturiesbe-foreKantrestricteditsscopetolayingbar
5、etheconditionsofpossibleexperience(andwouldattributeKant’sdismissalofearliereffortsas“randomgroping”totypicalEnlightenmentignoranceofmedievalthought).Weareconvinced,however,thattheinsightsofmedievalphilosophyappearmostclearlyinthemidstofthediscussionsinwhichthemedievalsthems
6、elvessoughtthem.Medievaltreatmentsofphilosophicalproblemsarenotasaruleeasytogetthrough.Ifthatwereso,therewouldbenoneedforthisvolume.Wehopetodemonstratethatthemedievaldiscussionsarewellworthgettinginto.1CambridgeCompanionsOnline©CambridgeUniversityPress,20062a.s.mCgradeentryp
7、ointsThestrangenessofmedievalphilosophyshouldnotbeexaggerated.Agreatdealofwhatispresentedherecanreadilybeengagedwithbyreadersinaphilosophicallycurrentframeofmind.Thisisdueingoodmeasuretothefactthatrecentphilosophyhascaughtupwithsomecharacteristicmedievalinterests.Herearesome
8、exam-ples.Thehighesteemnowenjoyedbymedievallogicrestspartlyonthebrillianceo