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1、JOURNALOFPROPULSIONANDPOWERVol.14,No.2,March–April1998AerodynamicsPerformancePredictionofThrust-VectoringNozzlesA.Matesanz,*A.Vela´zquez,†andM.Rodr´õguez‡SENER,28760PTMTresCantos,Madrid,SpainThispaperdealswithastudythathasbeenundertakentoanalyzetheaerody
2、namicsperformanceofthrust-vectoringnozzlesfromanengineeringdesignpointofview.Therationaleforthestudyistheexistenceofatrendwithintheaeronauticsindustrytoprovideghteraircraftwiththrust-deectioncapabilities.Regardingpracticaldesign,andtakingintoaccountthefa
3、ctthatthesenozzleshaveadditionaldegreesoffreedom,efcientpredictionmethodologiesareneededtoanalyzetheaerodynamicsbehaviorassociatedwiththemanycombinationsofparametersthatcharacterizethesepropulsivedevices.Themethodologypresentedisbasedonacombinationoftheo
4、reticalanalysisandcomputationaluiddynam-icsinsuchawaythatnumericalsimulationprovidesdatawhich,aftersometheoreticalwork,areshapedinthefashionofgenericdesigncurvesreadyforusewithpracticalproblems.Detailsoftheowsolveraswellasasummaryofitsvalidationcampaigna
5、realsoprovided.NomenclatureIntroduction2A8=geometricthroatarea,mHEuseofthrust-vectoringcapabilitiesforghteraircraftA29=geometricexitarea,mTisbecomingincreasinglyfashionablebecauseoftheben-CD=dischargecoefcient,ratiobetweentheactualetsthatcanbeobtainedaft
6、ertheactualimplementationof1andidealmassowsuchpropulsivedevices.Broadlyspeaking,therearetwoba-C*D=dischargecoefcientforaxisymmetricchokedsicareasthatareaffectedinapositivewaywheneverthrustnondeectednozzledirectioniscontrolled:1)combatmaneuverabilityisgre
7、atlyCV=thrustcoefcient,ratiobetweenactualandidealenhancedand2)aircraftoperations,suchasthoseassociatedthrustwithtakeoffandlanding,becomemoreefcientbecauseofCVpeak=maximumthrustcoefcientforgivennozzlelessdemandingspeedrequirements.Reductionondragcangeomet
8、ryalsobeachievedbecauseofthepossibilityofreducingvertical222cp=specicheatatconstantpressure,m/sKnssurface.22cv=specicheatatconstantvolume,m/sKTotheauthors’knowledgetheGermanballisticmissileV-2F=grossthrust,Nwastherstvehicl
