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1、REALANALYSISAHistoricalApproachSaulStahlRealAnalysis:AHistoricalApproachRealAnalysis:AHistoricalApproachSaulStahlAWiley-IntersciencePublicationJOHNWILEY&SONS,INC.NewYork/Chichester/Weinheim/Brisbane/Singapore/TorontoThistextisprintedonacid-freepaper.Copyright0
2、1999byJohnWiley&Sons,Inc.Allrightsreserved.PublishedsimultaneouslyinCanada.Nopartofthispublicationmaybereproduced,storedinaretrievalsystemortransmittedinanyformorbyanymeans,electronic,mechanical,photocopying,recording,scanningorotherwise,exceptaspermittedunder
3、Section107or108ofthe1976UnitedStatesCopyrightAct,withouteitherthepriorwrittenpermissionofthePublisher,orauthorizationthroughpaymentoftheappropriateper-copyfeetotheCopyrightClearanceCenter,222RosewoodDrive,Danvers,MA01923,(978)750.8400,fax(978)750-4744.Requests
4、tothePublisherforpermissionshouldbeaddressedtothePermissionsDepartment,JohnWiley&Sons,Inc.,605ThirdAvenue,NewYork,NY10158-0012,(212)850-6011,fax(212)850-6008,E-Mail:PERMREQ®WILEY.COM.Fororderingandcustomerservice,call1-800-CALL-WILEY.LibrwyofCongressCataloging
5、inPublicationDam:Stahl,Saul.Realanalysis:ahistoricalapproach/SaulStahl.P.cm."AWiley-Intosciencepublication."Includesbibliographicalreferencesandindex.ISBN0-471-31852-3(cloth:akpaper)1.Mathematicalanalysis.2.Functionsofrealvariables.1.Title.QA300.S8821999515-dc
6、2199-21917CIPPrintedintheUnitedStatesofAmerica10987654321PrefaceAFocusedandHistoricalApproachTheneedforrigorinanalysisisoftenpresentedasanendinitself.Histor-ically,however,theexcitementandimpatiencethatcharacterizedthefirstcenturyandahalfofcalculusanditsapplic
7、ationsinducedmathematicianstoplacethisissueontheproverbialbackburnerwhiletheyexplorednewterrito-ries.Ironically,itwasdevelopmentsinphysics,especiallythestudyofsoundandheat,thatbroughtthepathologicalbehavioroftrigonometricseriesintotheforegroundandforcedthemath
8、ematicalworldtopaycloserattentiontofoundationalissues.Itisthepurposeofthistexttoprovideapictureofanalysisthatreflectsthisevolution.Rigoristhereforeintroducedasanexplanationofthecon