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1、TheApplicationandIndustrializationofBio-basedDegradableMaterials--PHAChenGuoqiang(DepartmentofBiology,TsinghuaUniversity,Beijing)IntroductionsPolyhydroxyalkanoates(PHA),usingmicroorganismsascarbonsourcesandenergyreserves,isgenerallyfoundintheformsofinclusionbodiesinmicrobialcells.Because
2、ofthedifferentmonomerstructures,thereisagreatvarietyofPHA,includingnotonlythePHAcomposedofshort-chainmonomersandlong-chainmonomers,butalsothecopolymersformedofdifferentmonomers.PHAisabio-polymerfamilycomprisingvariedpolyesters.Asakindofthermoplasticmaterials,itcanbefullydegradedintocarbo
3、ndioxideandwaterinnaturalenvironmentin3-6monthswithoutcomposting.Morethan20companiesrelatedtothemassproductionofPHAhavebeenestablishedintheworld.PHAandsomerelevanttechnologiesarenowbeingformedacommercialandindustrialchaincoveringthefieldsoffermentation,materials,resourcesandmedicalscienc
4、e.Thegoodnewsisthatunderthesupportofdomesticgovernmentsatalllevels,ChinahasmadealeapingprogressintheresearchofPHAapplicationinrecentyearsandtherelevantindustrieshavealsogreatlydeveloped.TheindustrialchainofPHAinfermentation,biomedicalmaterials,pharmaceutics,bio-fuels,fodderandplasticsnow
5、isbeingformed.PHAApplicationsBasedontheparticularpolymerproperties,PHAwithdifferentstructuresandcharacteristicshasbeenextensivelystudiedandusedasbio-plastics,fibres,medicalimplantsanddrugreleasecarrier,etc.Atthefirstbeginning,PHAwasdesignedformakingdailysuppliesandpackagingmaterialsbyWel
6、laAGCo.,LtdfromGermany.PHAisdevelopedbyP&G,Biomers,Metabolixandmanyothercompaniesforpackingfilm,whichismainlyusedinshoppingbags,coatingmaterialofcontainersandpaperaswellasdisposablegoodssuchasrazors,householdutensils,napkins,ladycares,cups,operationclothing,carpets,compostingbags,etc.Col
7、laboratingwithBeijingChemicalTechnologyUniversityandShantouUniversity,GreenBiohasdevlelopedlotsofsimilarapplicationsofPHA.Asmedicalmaterial,theapplicationofPHAhasbeenwidelyresearchedinsutures,restorationapparatus,bandages,bloodvesselpatches,bonepegs,frames,muscletendonres
