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1、二战后资本主义世界由“英国时代”走进“美国世纪”摘要实力的消长,国家的兴衰不可避免,国际关系的格局和中心舞台也就随之改变。二战后,西欧国家百废待兴。法西斯德国、日本成为战败国,法国和英国受到严重削弱,欧洲的政治中心地位基本丧失。美国大发战争横财,经济、军事实力膨胀,成为资本主义世界的头号强国,资本主义世界由“英国时代”走进“美国世纪”。关键词:英国美国崛起工业革命二战霸权主义iiAbstractThestrengthofthegrowthanddecline,theriseandfallofanationisunavoidable,internationalrelat
2、ionshipandcenterstagewillchange.AfterWorldWarII,athousandthingswaittobedoneforthecountriesofWesternEurope.ThefascistGermany,Japanwasdefeated,FranceandBritainwereseverelyweakened,Europeanpoliticalcenterwasbasicallylost.TheAmericanharvestedbumpuswindfallfromthewar,andexpandedeconomy,milit
3、arystrength,tobecomenumberonepowerinthecapitalistworld,capitalistworldby"Britaintimes"intothe"Americancentury",.Keywords:American,Britain,rise,theindustrialrevolution,WorldWarII,hegemonismii1ThemainTopicofthethesisBeforetheWorldWarII,worldhegemonyhasbelongedtotheBritain,butafterTheWorld
4、WarII,theBritishworlddominationwasreplacedbytheUnitedStates,thisiswhy?2TheReasonsoftheBritain'sDecline,theriseofAmericanaftertheworldwarIIFirstofall,theEnglishIndustrialRevolutionhasbasicallycometotheend.Aftertheeighteenseventies,Britaingraduallylosttheindustrialmonopoly.,TherisingGerma
5、nyandtheUnitedStatesofAmericagraduallycatchupwithandsurpassedBritain.Afterthecompletionoftheindustrialrevolution,thescienceandtechnologybecomethecoreofcompetitive.AccordingtotheUnitedStatesthisisanadvantage.Why?BecausetheUnitedStateswasdevelopedonthebasisoftheindustrializationintheBriti
6、anandotheroldindustrialpowers.Secondly,battlegroundsoftheWorldWarIIdidnottakeplaceintheterritoryoftheUnitedStates,butBritainhasbecomethemaintheatreoftheEuropeanbattlefield.WartimedestructionhasvirtuallyenormouslyhinderedtotheeconomicdevelopmentofBritain,Atthesametime,theUnitedStatesalso
7、seizedtheopportunitytodeveloptheirowneconomy.Duringthisperiod,EuropehasbeenthemainbattlefieldoftheSovietUnion,fromEasternEuropetoFrance.Europeannationsunderwentseriouseconomicstagnation.BritainandGermanyalsosufferedheavylossesinthewar.Thepoundlostthestatusofworldcurrency,whilet