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1、WilliamShakespeareWilliamShakespeare(1564–1616)wasanEnglishpoetandplaywright,widelyregardedasthegreatestwriterintheEnglishlanguageandtheworld'spreeminentdramatist.HeisoftencalledEngland'snationalpoetandthe"BardofAvon"(orsimply"TheBard").Shakespeareproducedmostofhisknownworkbetween15
2、90and1613.Hisearlyplaysweremainlycomediesandhistories,genresheraisedtothepeakofsophisticationandartistrybytheendofthesixteenthcentury.Hethenwrotemainlytragediesuntilabout1608,includingHamlet,KingLear,andMacbeth,consideredsomeofthefinestworksintheEnglishlanguage.Shakespearewasarespec
3、tedpoetandplaywrightinhisownday,buthisreputationdidnotrisetoitspresentheightsuntilthenineteenthcentury.Inthetwentiethcentury,hisworkwasrepeatedlyadoptedandrediscoveredbynewmovementsinscholarshipandperformance.Hisplaysremainhighlypopulartodayandareconstantlystudied,performedandreinte
4、rpretedindiverseculturalandpoliticalcontextsthroughouttheworld.LifeWilliamShakespearewasthesonofJohnShakespeare,asuccessfulgloverandaldermanoriginallyfromSnitterfield,andMaryArden,thedaughterofanaffluentlandowningfarmer.HewasborninStratford-upon-Avonandbaptisedon26April1564.Hisunkno
5、wnbirthdayistraditionallyobservedon23April,StGeorge'sDay.Thisdate,whichcanbetracedbacktoaneighteenth-centuryscholar'smistake,hasprovedappealingbecauseShakespearediedon23April1616.Hewasthethirdchildofeightandtheeldestsurvivingson.JohnShakespeare'shouse,believedtobeShakespeare'sbirthp
6、lace,inStratford-upon-Avon.Attheageof18,Shakespearemarriedthe26-year-oldAnneHathaway.Sixmonthsafterthemarriage,shegavebirthtoadaughter,Susanna,whowasbaptisedon26May1583.Twins,sonHamnetanddaughterJudith,followedalmosttwoyearslaterandwerebaptisedon2February1585.Between1585and1592,Shak
7、espearebeganasuccessfulcareerinLondonasanactor,writer,andpartownerofaplayingcompanycalledtheLordChamberlain'sMen,laterknownastheKing'sMen.HeappearstohaveretiredtoStratfordaround1613,wherehediedthreeyearslater.WorksofShakespeareComedyHistoryTragedyPoetryAll'sWellThatEndsWellAsYouLike
8、ItTheComedyofErrors
