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1、《麦田里的守望者》的主题思想和象征手法的运用1.IntroductionIn1951,JeromeDavidSalingerpublishedhisfirstwell-knownnovel,ThecatcherintheRye,withwhichhegainedanalmostimmediatereputationasoneoftheforemostpost-worldWarⅡAmericannovelists.Shortlyafterwards,thebookbecameassignedreadingfora
2、majorityofhighschoolandcollegeEnglishcoursesinAmerica.NootherwritersinceWarⅡhasachievedtheheightsofpopularityofJ.D.Salinger.Andwecansaythathispopularityhasrestedprimarilyononecharacter,HoldenCaulfield,inthebook.Thenoveltellsaseeminglysimplestoryofa16-year-ol
3、dboy,HoldenCaulfield,who,afterbeingexpelledfromtheschoolforfailingalmostallofhiscourses,runsawayfromthathatefulplacetoNewYorkandspendsthreedaysthere,roamingaroundinsearchforsomegoodnessandthetruevaluewhichhevaguelyunderstands.Withsufferinguneasinessandabitte
4、rspirit,heencountersmanydifferentpeople,onlytofindhypocritesandliarseverywhere.Finally,hesneakshometoseehissisterPhoebe,anunspoilt,angel-likechildwhohelpshimfindthecouragetoliveoninthiscorruptedadultworld.Salinger’ssuccesssurprisedthecriticsaswellasthereadin
5、gpublic.Criticssearchedandarestillsearchingforjustificationforsuchoverwhelmingsuccessinliterature.Theyemphasizethespiritualdisillusionment,thepsychologicalstressoftheadolescentsinpost-warAmerica,andthecreationofalife-likecharacter.Theseare,25admittedly,impor
6、tantandprimaryfactorscontributingtotheimmediatesuccessofthenovel.However,manyauthorshavelightlytouchedupononeliterarytechnique,whichSalingeremploysextensively,andwhichhelpstheauthortoachievewhathewantstoachieved—theuseofsymbols.Thisthesistriestodealwiththisa
7、spectofSalinger’sstyleofwritingandinrelativedetailIshalltrytoshowhow,stepbystep,theauthorunderlinesthebasicthemeofthenovelbyusingsymbolsandhowsymbolismplaysanirreplaceableroleintheboywhoisalsoaliteraryrepresentativeofthewholegenerationofAmericanyouth,andinth
8、erealisticportrayalofawholegenerationthroughabaffledyoungster-Holden.WhileemphasizingthesignificanceofSalinger’swritingstyle,especiallytheuseofsymbolsinthewholenarrative,wedonotwanttoignoretheso
