课堂新坐标江苏专版2017高考英语二轮复习与策略第1部分专题3阅读理解类型3科普知识讲练

《课堂新坐标江苏专版2017高考英语二轮复习与策略第1部分专题3阅读理解类型3科普知识讲练》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在教育资源-天天文库。

1、类型3

2、科普知识考查要点方法技巧1.科学现象、概念、定义、类别等。2．事物的性质、特点、原理、用途等。3．事物或现象产生的原因、过程、演变。4．相似事物间的异同。1.理清说明顺序：时间、空间、逻辑顺序。2．把握文章结构：并列式、承接式、递进式、总分式。3．认清说明方法：下定义、举事例、作比较、打比方等。(2016·江苏高考·C)ElNio，aSpanishtermfor“theChristchild，”wasnamedbySouthAmericanfishermenwhonoticedthattheg

3、lobalweatherpattern，whichhappenseverytwotosevenyears，reducedtheamountoffishescaughtaroundChristmas.ElNioseeswarmwater，collectedoverseveralyearsinthewesternPacific，flowbackeastwardswhenwindsthatnormallyblowwestwardsweaken，orsometimestheotherwayround.Thew

4、eathereffects，bothgoodandbad，arefeltinmanyplaces.RichcountriesgainmorefrompowerfulNios，onbalance，thantheylose.AstudyfoundthatastrongNioin1997－98helpedAmerica'seconomygrowby$15billion，partlybecauseofbetteragriculturalharvests：farmersintheMidwestgainedfr

5、omextrarain.Thetotalriseinagriculturalincomesinrichcountriesisgreaterthanthefallinpoorones.ButinIndonesiaextremelydryforestsareinflames.Amulti－yeardrought(干旱)insouth－eastBrazilisbecomingworse.ThoughheavyrainsbroughtaboutByElNiomayrelievethedroughtinCali

6、fornia，theyarelikelytocausesurfacefloodingandotherdisasters.ThemostrecentpowerfulNio，in1997－98，killedaround21，000peopleandcauseddamageworth$36billionaroundtheglobe.ButsuchNioscomewithmonthsofwarning，andsomuchisknownabouthowtheyhappenthatgovernmentscanp

7、repare.AccordingtotheOverseasDevelopmentInstitute(ODI)，however，just12%ofdisaster－relieffundinginthepasttwodecadeshasgoneonreducingrisksinadvance，ratherthanrecoveryandrebuildingafterwards.Thisisdespiteevidencethatadollarspentonrisk－reductionsavesatleasttw

8、oonreconstruction.Simpleimprovementstoinfrastructure(基础设施)canreducethespreadofdisease.Bettersewers(下水道)makeitlesslikelythatheavyrainisfollowedbyanoutbreakofthediseaseofbadstomach.Strongerbridgesmeanvillagesarelesslikelytobeleftwithoutfoodandmedicineafter

9、floods.Accordingtoapaperin2011byMrHsiangandcoauthors，civilconflictisrelatedtoElNio'sharmfuleffects—andthepoorerthecountry，thestrongerthelink.Thoughtherelationshipmaynotbecausal，helpingdividedcommunitiestopreparefordisaste