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1、布管（1）换热管的排列方式为转角正方形排列，如下图所示（2）换热管中心距所选换热管d=25mm，换热管中心距宜不小于1.25倍的换热管外径，查国标得换热管中心距S=32mm(3)布管限定圆布管限定圆直径DL=Di-2b3b3=0.25d=0.25×25=6.25mm(一般情况下不小于8mm)∴取b3=8.5DL=Di-2b3=500－2×8.5＝483mm具体布管图如附图accidentoccurs,thedirectpunishment500-1000,whoisdirectlyresponsiblefortheaccidentresponsibility,give
2、noticeofcriticismand50-100economicsanctionsagainstthem.(4)toconcealtheaccident,reportedwithoutunduedelayorfalse,toinformtheadministrativeleadershipofthecriticism,resultinginseriousconsequences,thepursuitofleadership,alongwith500-1000punishment.(5)significantnearmissshouldbeattemptedasth
3、ecaseofresponsiblefortheaccidentandconstructionteaminjuriesaccidentpenaltyprovisions,mutatismutandis.Eight,shouldperformintheconstructionstandardsandspecifications,serialnumbera1GB3323-2005steelfusionweldedbuttjoints,weldingengineering-Raylightingandqualityratingof2GB11345-89steelweldsm
4、anualmethodsofultrasonicinspectionandtestingresultsforgrade3GB50236-2002industrialpipeweldingengineeringcodeforconstructionandacceptanceoffieldequipment4HGJ222-92technicalspecificationforweldingofaluminiumanditsalloys5lowtemperaturesteelweldingprocedure6SH3525-2004petrochemicalJB/T4708-
5、2000ofweldingprocedurequalificationforsteelpressurevessels7JB/4709-20008JB4730-2005pressurevesselweldingproceduresofsteelpressurevesselNDT9JB/T4744-2000steelpressurevesselproductsmechanicalpropertiestestofweldedplateII,mechanicalequipmentinstallationengineering1GB150-982GB50128-2005vert
6、icalcylindricalsteelpressurevesselsteelweldingspecificationforconstructionandacceptanceofoiltank3JB/T4735-1997steelweldedatmosphericpressurevessel4GB50231-2009mechanicalequipmentinstallationU型管换热器的设计与校核1由工艺设计给定壳体公称直径为500mm，壳程的最高工作压力为1.2MPa，管程最高工作压力为1.5MPa，壳程液体进口温度为70℃，出口温度为110℃；管程液体进口温度
7、180℃，出口温度125℃；管长为6000mm，4管程单壳程的换热器。原油的黏度大,因此壳程走原油，管程走被冷却的柴油。2筒体壁厚设计由工艺设计给定设计温度为150℃，选用低合金钢Q345R。查GB150一2011可知：150℃时Q345R的许用应力=189MPa，厚度暂取3～16mm，焊接采用双面对接焊局部无损探伤检测，焊接系数=0.85,钢板的厚度负偏差按GB/T709一2006查3B类钢板得钢板负偏差为C1=0.3,腐蚀裕量C2=3mm,设计压力为最大工作压力的1.05~1.1倍,由工艺设计给定壳程的最高工作压力为1.2MPa(绝);表压=绝压
