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1、TwentiethCenturyWesternCriticalTheories二十世纪西方文艺批评理论ZhuGang朱刚上海外语教育出版社，20012005年第四次印刷IntroductionThissourcebookcomesoutofaneedforbasictextsofthetwentiethcenturyWesternliteraryandculturaltheories.Thecurrentvolumeismeantsolelyforpedagogicalpurposes,i.e.,forgraduatecoursesoncontemporaryWesternlite
2、rarytheory.Eachunitformsacritical“school”(inthebroadsense),startingwithacriticalsurveyoftheschoolunderdiscussion.Foreachcritic,thesourcebookprovidesasketchyintroduction,aselectionofthecritic’swork,somenecessarynotestothetexts(reducedtotheminimumforasmoothreading.),followedbystudyquestionsbased
3、ontheessayselectedforbetterunderstandingandclassdiscussion,andfinallybooksandarticlesrecommendedforfurtherreading.ThebookchoosestoexamineinaroughlychronologicalordersomemajorWesterncriticaltheoriesofthetwentiethcentury,fromRussianFormalismintheearlydecadesto,forinstance,theCulturalStudiesinthe
4、nineties.Inadditiontoaclosereadingofsomecarefullyselectedtextsandasurveyofcurrentknowledgeinthisfield,thecourseseekstointroducestudentstothemajorapproachestoliterature,toshowwhatkindofknowledgeisinvolvedandwhatformsofinquiryexistinthisarea,howdifferentmeansofanalysisareused,andwhattheirstrengt
5、hsandweaknessesare.Thechiefobjectiveofthebookistoraisethestudents’awarenessoftheimportanceofbeingcriticalandofthecriticaltheory,discusswiththemsomeinfluentialspeculationsonandcriticalapproachestoliterature,andusethemintextualanalysis.Itwillconcentrateonanumberofquestions,suchasthelocusoflitera
6、rymeaning,thestatusofthetext,theroleofthereader,thefunctionoflanguageinliteraryexegesis,thereferentialityofliterature,andtherelationofliteratureandsociety.Thesequestionsareofgeneralinteresttothestudentsofliterature,andofspecialhelptoMAstudentsworkingontheirdissertation.Theselectionofcritics(th
7、eso-called“canon”)hasbeenmadeonthebasesoftheirrepresentativecharacterandtheiravailabilityinChineseuniversitylibraries.TheworksselectedareamongthemostdiscussedbyChineseliteraryscholarsandarehelpfultostudentsininterpretingliterarytexts.Th
