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1、学案:非谓语动词——过去分词过去分词在句中可以作定语、表语、宾语补足语、状语。(一)作定语作定语用的过去分词如果是单词,一般放在被修饰的词的前面;过去分词短语作定语,则放在被修饰的词的后面。smokedham熏火腿 boiledwater开水 steamedroll花卷spokenEnglish英语口语 oppressedpeople被压迫的人民Therearemanyfallenleavesontheground.地上有很多落叶。Thisisabookwrittenbyapeasant. 这是一本农民写的书。(二)作表语过去分词作表语,多表示主语所处的状
2、态。Iwaspleasedatthenews.听了这消息我很高兴。Thedoorremainedlocked.门仍然锁着。Helookedveryexcited.他显得很激动。过去分词作表语用,相当于形容词,最常见的有:delighted,disappointed,discouraged,drunk,amused,astonished,interested,crowded,tired,satisfied,pleased,surprised,worried,excited,married,puzzled,upset等。(三)作宾语补足语过去分词可以在see,hear,notice,wa
3、tch,keep,find,get,have,feel等动词后与名词(代词)构成复合宾语。结构:动词+宾语(名词或代词)+宾补(过去分词)IoftenhearthesongsunginEnglish.Shefoundthedoorclosed.Imustgetmybikerepaired.Canyoumakeyourselfunderstood?(四)作状语过去分词短语常用作状语,修饰谓语,说明动作发生的背景或情况。前提条件:过去分词短语作状语时,它的逻辑主语一般必须与句子的主语一致。这类状语大多数放在句子前部(主语前面),也有少数可以放在句子后部(谓语后面),或者插在中间(主语后面
4、)Inspiredbyhim,weworkedevenharder.Theprofessorcamein,followedbyagroupofyoungmen.Mr.Green,deeplymoved,thankedusagainandagain.过去分词也可以单独作状语。Heated,waterchangesintosteam.Sheturnedaway,disappointed.过去分词短语作状语可以表示:1、相当于一个原因状语从句Inspiredbyherexample,theLeaguemembersworkedevenharder.=____________________
5、_________________________________________Thechildrensoonfellasleep,exhaustedbythejourney.=______________________________________________________________2、相当于一个时间状语从句Seenfromthehill,theparklooksverybeautiful.=______________________________________________________________Oncepublished,thisdiction
6、arywillbeverypopular!=______________________________________________________________3、假设的情况,相当于一个条件状语从句United,westand;divided,wefall.=______________________________________________________________Givenmoretime,wecoulddoitmuchbetter.=______________________________________________________________
7、4、相当于一个让步状语从句Beatenbytheoppositeteam,theplayerswerenotdiscouragedandpracticedevenharder.=______________________________________________________________这类状语多数放在句子前面,个别放在主谓之间。5、伴随情况(这种用法没有与之相当的状语从句可以代替)Hecameback,completelytired.The