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1、陕西省榆林育才中学高中英语Unit3Underthesea语法导学案新人教版选修7一学习目标:1掌握v-ing的被动形式,并会熟练运用(重点)2能正确说出v-ing在句中所做的成分。二学习内容:v-ing的被动形式V-ing形式由“do+ing”构成,其否定形式是“notdoing”,V-ing可以带宾语或状语构成V-ing短语,没有人称和数的变化,但有时态和语态的变化。 语态时态主动语态被动语态一般式(not)doing(not)beingdone完成式(not)havingdone(not)havingbeendone自主学习现在分词的用法一、现在分词可
2、在句中作定语、表语、补足语和状语。1. 作定语 现在分词作定语时多置于它所修饰的名词前: This is a pressing question.这是一个紧迫的问题。 He asked an embarrassing question. 他提了一个令人难堪的问题。 现在分词亦可置于它所修饰的名词之后: There were no soldiers drilling. 现在分词短语一般皆置于其修饰的名词之后: A little child learning to walk often falls. The men working here are all
3、from the rural areas.2. 现在分词用作状语 现在分词及其短语从表意的角度看, 也可用作状语, 表示时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、方式或伴随情况等。其动作可能发生在谓语动词之前或之后, 也可能与谓语动的动作同时发生。(句子的主语就是分词的逻辑主语) (1)表示时间 Climbing to the top of the tower, we saw a magnificent view. Walkingalongthestreet,shesawalittlegirlrunninguptoher.强调与谓语动词的动作同时发生时, 现在分词之前可用
4、连词when或while:When leaving the airport, they waved again and again to us.WhilewatchingTVintheroom,Iheardsomeoneknockingatthedoor.(2)表示原因Being sick, I stayed at home.Knowingthathewastired,Itoldhimtohavearest.(3)表示条件 Adopting this method, we will raise the average yield by 40 percent.
5、Turning to the right, you will find a path leading to his cottage.(4)表示让步Admitting what she has said, I still think that she hasn't tried her best.(5)表示结果It rained heavily, causing severe flooding in that country.It rained for two weeks on end, completely ruining our holiday.(6)表示方式
6、或伴随情况 He ran up to her breathing heavily. Please fill in the form, giving your name, address, etc.现在分词的完成形式:现在分词的完成形式主要用在状语中,表示动作在谓语动作之前Havingbeentheremanytimes,heofferedtobeourguide.Nothavingdonetheworkwell,wedecidedtotryagain.注:在独立结构中,也可以用现在分词的完成形式,如:Hiscomradeshavingallleftforthe
7、front,hedidn’twanttostayintherear.二、现在分词的被动形式1.动词-ing的被动式的构成(1)一般被动式:being+过去分词(2)完成被动式:havingbeen+过去分词2.动词-ing的被动式的用法 (1)动词-ing的一般被动式表示与其逻辑主语为被动关系;作主语和宾语时无固定的时态意义,作定语和补足语时表示正在进行或与谓语动词的动作同时发生。(2)动词-ing的完成被动式表示与其逻辑主语为被动关系,也表示其动作发生在谓语动词的动作之前。3.动词-ing的被动式的句法功能(1)作主语 Beingofferedsuc
8、hajobwasgoodluck. 被