外文原文及其译文theroleofsystemdynamicsinprojectmanagement毕业论文（设计）do

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1、原文：TheroleofsystemdynamicsinprojectmanagementJohnBowers，AlexandreRodrigues.InternationalJournalofProjectManagement,1996,14(4)：213-220IntroductionWhereasthetraditionalprojectmanagementtoolsprovideusefulsupport,theirunderlyingmodelsoftenseemtobearlittlerelationtoactua

2、lprojects.Thetraditionalapproachestendtoassumethatifeachelementoftheprojectcanbeunderstoodthenthewholeprojectmaybecontrolled.However,experiencesuggeststhattheinterrelationshipsbetweentheproject'scomponentsaremorecomplexthanissuggestedbythetraditionalworkbreakdownstr

3、uctureofprojectnetwork.Analternativeviewoftheprojectisofferedbysystemdynamicswhichconcentratesonthewholeproject.Theapproachemphasisestheinterrelationshipsthatmayberesponsibleforunexpectedoverrunandoverspend.Systemdynamicshasbeenappliedinanumberofprojectsindiverseind

4、ustries,providingabasisforacomparisonwiththetraditionalapproaches.Itoffersvaluablestrategiclessonsforprojectmanagementandshouldbeseenascomplementarytothedetailedoperationalsupportsuppliedbythetraditionaltechniques.Thispapercontraststhecharacteristicsofthetwoapproach

5、esandprovidesanoverviewofvariousareasofapplicationofsystemdynamicsinprojectmanagement.Ithighlightsthedistinctivecontributionthatsystemdynamicscanmaketoprojectmanagement,whileemphasisingthatthemoretraditionaltechniquesstillhaveavitalrole.Copyright®1996ElsevierScience

6、LtdandIPMA.Anewapproachtomodellingandunderstandingprojectsisemerging,basedonsystemdynamics.Systemdynamicsassumesaholisticviewoftheorganisationfocusingonthebehaviouraltrendsofprojectsandtheirrelationwithmanagerialstrategies.Theapproachcontrastswithtraditionalmethods,

7、whichrelyondetailedmodelsofthecomponentsofaprojectwiththemainobjectofprovidingtacticaladviceabouttheresourcingandschedulingofactivities.Therehasbeenatendencytoproduceevermoresophisticatednetwork-basedtools,inthebeliefthatbyincorporatingmoredetailamoreaccuratemodelwi

8、llbedevelopedandagreaterunderstandingwillbetheinevitableresult.However,ithasalsobeensuggestedt'2thatconcentratingonthedetailignoresmanyoft