克鲁格曼教材《国际经济学》[国际金融]习题答案解析要点

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1、WORD格式整理版Chapter21．Homehas1200unitsoflaboravailable.Itcanproducetwogoods,applesandbananas.Theunitlaborrequirementinappleproductionis3,whileinbananaproductionitis2.a．Graphouttheproductionpossibilitiesfrontier:b．Whatistheopportunitycostofapplesintermsofbanana

2、s?c．Intheabsenceoftrade,whatwouldthepriceofapplesintermsofbananasbe?Intheabsenceoftrade,sincelaboristheonlyfactorofproductionandsupplydecisionsaredeterminedbytheattemptsofindividualstomaximizetheirearningsinacompetitiveeconomy,onlywhenwillbothgoodsbeproduce

3、d.So2．Homeisasdescribedinproblem1.Thereisnowalsoanothercountry,Foreign,withalaborforceof800.Foreign’sunitlaborrequirementinappleproductionis5,whileinbananaproductionitis1.a．GraphForeign’sproductionpossibilitiesfrontier:b．Constructtheworldrelativesupplycurve

4、.优质.参考.资料WORD格式整理版3．Nowsupposeworldrelativedemandtakesthefollowingform:Demandforapples/demandforbananas=priceofbananas/priceofapples.a．Graphtherelativedemandcurvealongwiththerelativesupplycurve:∵Whenthemarketachievesitsequilibrium,wehave∴RDisahyperbolab．Wha

5、tistheequilibriumrelativepriceofapples?TheequilibriumrelativepriceofapplesisdeterminedbytheintersectionoftheRDandRScurves.RD:RS:∴优质.参考.资料WORD格式整理版∴c．Describethepatternoftrade.∵∴Inthistwo-countryworld,Homewillspecializeintheappleproduction,exportapplesandimp

6、ortbananas.Foreignwillspecializeinthebananaproduction,exportbananasandimportapples.d．ShowthatbothHomeandForeigngainfromtrade.InternationaltradeallowsHomeandForeigntoconsumeanywherewithinthecoloredlines,whichlieoutsidethecountries’productionpossibilityfronti

7、ers.Andtheindirectmethod,specializinginproducingonlyoneproductionthentradewithothercountry,isamoreefficientmethodthandirectproduction.Intheabsenceoftrade,Homecouldgainthreebananasbyforegoingtwoapples,andForeigncouldgainbyoneforegoingfivebananas.Tradeallowse

8、achcountrytotradetwobananasforoneapple.HomecouldthengainfourbananasbyforegoingtwoappleswhileForeigncouldgainoneapplebyforegoingonlytwobananas.SobothHomeandForeigngainfromtrade.4．Supposethatinsteadof120