1.22 argument-由此及彼.doc

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1、1.22Argument-由此及彼--一个东西怎么怎么好,或者其采用了什么措施,我们也应该这样做--这是比较引论中的一个子类别002-02.ThefollowingappearedinalettersentbyacommitteeofhomeownersfromtheDeerhavenAcrestoallhomeownersinDeerhavenAcres."Sevenyearsago,homeownersinnearbyBrookvillecommunityadoptedasetofrestrictionsonhowthecommunity'syardsshould

2、belandscapedandwhatcolorstheexteriorsofhomesshouldbepainted.Sincethen,averagepropertyvalueshavetripledinBrookville.InordertoraisepropertyvaluesinDeerhavenAcres,weshouldadoptourownsetofrestrictionsonlandscapingandhousepainting."七年前，附近的Brookville社区的业主实施了一系列关于该社区的庭院应如何布置以及房屋应涂何种颜色的规定。从那以后，

3、Brookville的地产平均价格翻了三番。为使DeerhavenAcres的地产升值，我们也应该对于景观和房屋涂色实施自己的规定。1.作者没有提供证据说明产地价格升三倍一定是改变外观的结果，可能是别的措施2.没有信息表明DeerhavenAcres和Brookville是可以比较的，可能……3.其他因素：没有说明当地居民的传统习俗是否抵制使用相同的外观；其次，规定外观是否有其他不良影响，难以辨别自己的家等1.Thecommitteefailstosubstantiatetheassumptionthatthiscourseofactionwasresponsibl

4、efortheincreaseinBrookvillepropertyvalues.(posthoc,ergopropterhoc)2.ThecommitteefailstoconsiderpossibledifferencesbetweenBrookvilleandDeerhaventhatmighthelptobringaboutadifferentresultforDeerhaven.(falseanalogy)3.Manyfactorsthatcouldinfluencepropertyvaluemaychangeduringtheseyears,andthe

5、committeefailstoruleoutthesefactors.(inferringfutureconditionfrompastcondition)4.Theproposedactionmayresultinsomeundesiredconsequences.(adv:disadv)5.Theproposedactionmaybeopposedbysomehomeowners,ormaynotbeeffectivelyexecutedbyallthehomeownersinDeerhavenAcres.(feasibilityoftheconclusion)

6、016-016.ThefollowingappearedinalettertotheeditorofalocalnewspaperfromacitizenofthestateofImpecunia."Twoyearsagoourneighboringstate,Lucria,beganastatelotterytosupplementtaxrevenuesforeducationandpublichealth.Today,Lucriaspendsmoreperpupilthanwedo,andLucria'spublichealthprogramtreatsfarmo

7、repeoplethanourstate'sprogramdoes.IfweweretoestablishastatelotteryliketheoneinLucria,theprofitscouldbeusedtoimproveoureducationalsystemandpublichealthprogram.Thenewlotterywoulddoubtlessbesuccessful,becauseasurveyconductedinourcapitalcityconcludesthatcitizensofImpecuniaalreadysp