联想培训(操作系统使用)

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1、Linux操作系统使用联想集团有限公司高性能服务器事业部基本概念基本命令使用第一章概述第二章系统的运行 第三章文件和目录 第四章vi第五章shell第六章进程第七章Linux工具第八章网络工具第一章概述本章目的描述Linux的发展和历史介绍Linux操作系统的主要组成部分5需要知道的人DennisRitchie(DMR)KenThompsonAT&TBellLabs.1970sUNIX6UNIX的诞生AftertheMultics(MultiplexedInformationandComputingSe

2、rvice)projectUnics-->UnixDigitalEquipmentCorporation(DEC)wasfoundedin1957PDP-7,1969KenThompson（ken的游戏spacetravel）第一版的UNIX使用汇编语言写的。DennisRitchie是C语言的inventorUNIX®wasregisteredbyBellLaboratoriesasatrademarkforcomputeroperatingsystems.Todaythismarkisownedby

3、OpenGroup（从1994年开始）.http://www.opengroup.org7UNIX的诞生（续）DennisRitchie(standing)andKenThompsonbeginporting UNIXtothe PDP-11viatwoTeletype 33terminals8UNIX的诞生（续）ThefirstversionofUNIXwaswritteninassemblerlanguage,butThompson'sintentionwasthatitwouldbewritten

4、inahigh-levellanguage.Thompsonfirsttriedin1971touseFortranonthePDP-7,butgaveupafterthefirstday.ThenhewroteaverysimplelanguagehecalledB,whichhegotgoingonthePDP-7.Itworked,buttherewereproblems.First,becausetheimplementationwasinterpreted,itwasalwaysgoingto

5、beslow.Second,thebasicnotionsofB,whichwasbasedontheword-orientedBCPL,justwerenotrightforabyte-orientedmachinelikethenewPDP-11.9UNIX的诞生（续）RitchieusedthePDP-11toaddtypestoB,whichforawhilewascalledNBfor"NewB,"andthenhestartedtowriteacompilerforit."Sothatthe

6、firstphaseofCwasreallythesetwophasesinshortsuccessionof,first,somelanguagechangesfromB,really,addingthetypestructurewithouttoomuchchangeinthesyntax;anddoingthecompiler,"Ritchiesaid."Thesecondphasewasslower,"hesaidofrewritingUNIXinC.Thompsonstartedinthesu

7、mmerof1972buthadtwoproblems:figuringouthowtorunthebasicco-routines,thatis,howtoswitchcontrolfromoneprocesstoanother;andthedifficultyingettingtheproperdatastructure,sincetheoriginalversionofCdidnothavestructures.10UNIX的诞生（续）"Thecombinationofthethingscause

8、dKentogiveupoverthesummer,"Ritchiesaid."Overtheyear,Iaddedstructuresandprobablymadethecompilercodesomewhatbetter--bettercode--andsooverthenextsummer,thatwaswhenwemadetheconcertedeffortandactuallydidredothewholeoperatingsys