《供应链整合》ppt课件

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1、SupplyChainIntegration(供应链整合)1Problem1Advantagesandproblemsofbuild-to-stockmanufacturestrategy(pushsystem)(存货生产的优缺点)Cost、efficiencyvs.Productvariety、shortproductlifecycle(成本、效率vs.产品多样化、短产品生命周期)…WhyCocaColacantaketheadvantagesandpreventtheproblems？Industryspecific(与行业有关)CanPOS(pulls

2、ystem)solvealltheproblems?(引入POS系统可以解决所有问题么？)2Problem2—whichoneisbetter?3SupplierDistributorRetailerRetailerRetailerSupplierDistributorRetailerRetailerRetailerSupplierRetailerRetailerRetailerMaterialFlow(物流)InformationFlow(信息流)Outline(大纲)Push,PullandPush-PullSupplyChainStrategies(推式

3、、拉式以及推拉式策略)MatchProducts/IndustrieswithSupplyChainStrategies(匹配产品与供应链策略)Demand-drivenSupplyChainStrategies(需求驱动的供应链策略)InternetImpactsSupplyChainIntegration(互联网对供应链整合的影响)EfficientDistributionStrategies(有效的供应链配送策略)4TheOldParadigm:PushStrategies(老范式:推式策略)Productiondecisionsbasedonlong

4、-termforecasts(产品决策基于长期的预测)Orderingdecisionsbasedoninventory&forecasts(订货决策基于库存与预测)Whataretheproblemswithpushstrategies?(存在的问题)Inabilitytomeetchangingdemandpatterns(需求模式变动时没有办法满足需求)Obsolescence(过时的策略)Thebullwhipeffect(牛鞭效应):Excessiveinventory(库存过多)Excessiveproductionvariability(生产变动

5、太大)Poorservicelevels(服务水平差)5ANewerParadigm:PullStrategies(新范式:推式策略)Productionisdemanddriven(生产是需求驱动的)Productionanddistributioncoordinatedwithtruecustomerdemand(生产与配送按照真实的顾客需求协调)Firmsrespondtospecificorders(公司应对具体的订单)PullStrategiesresultin(推式策略导致):Reducedleadtimes(betteranticipation

6、)(提前期的减少)Decreasedinventorylevelsatretailersandmanufacturers(零售商与制造商库存水平的减少)Decreasedsystemvariability(系统变动性的减少)Betterresponsetochangingmarkets(更好应对变化的市场)But:Hardertoleverageeconomiesofscale(规模效应小)Doesn’tworkinallcases(不是总有效，买车的例子)6PushandPullSystems(推式与拉式系统)Whataretheadvantagesofpu

7、shsystems?(推式系统的优点是什么？)Whataretheadvantagesofpullsystems?(拉式系统的优点是什么？)Isthereasystemthathastheadvantagesofbothsystems?(是否有一个系统兼具两者的有点？)7AnewSupplyChainParadigm―Push-PullSupplyChain(新的供应链范式—推拉式供应链)Theinitialstages,areoperatedinapush-basedmannerwhiletheremainingstagesemployapull-based

8、strategy.(供应链上游采用推式