资源描述:
《国际经济学(克鲁格曼)教材答案》由会员上传分享,免费在线阅读,更多相关内容在教育资源-天天文库。
1、.Chapter31.Homehas1200unitsoflaboravailable.Itcanproducetwogoods,applesandbananas.Theunitlaborrequirementinappleproductionis3,whileinbananaproductionitis2.a.Graphouttheproductionpossibilitiesfrontier:b.Whatistheopportunitycostofapplesintermsofbananas?c
2、.Intheabsenceoftrade,whatwouldthepriceofapplesintermsofbananasbe?Intheabsenceoftrade,sincelaboristheonlyfactorofproductionandsupplydecisionsaredeterminedbytheattemptsofindividualstomaximizetheirearningsinacompetitiveeconomy,onlywhenwillbothgoodsbeprodu
3、ced.So2.Homeisasdescribedinproblem1.Thereisnowalsoanothercountry,Foreign,withalaborforceof800.Foreign’sunitlaborrequirementinappleproductionis5,whileinbananaproductionitis1.a.GraphForeign’sproductionpossibilitiesfrontier:b.Constructtheworldrelativesupp
4、lycurve.......3.Nowsupposeworldrelativedemandtakesthefollowingform:Demandforapples/demandforbananas=priceofbananas/priceofapples.a.Graphtherelativedemandcurvealongwiththerelativesupplycurve:∵Whenthemarketachievesitsequilibrium,wehave∴RDisahyperbolab.Wh
5、atistheequilibriumrelativepriceofapples?TheequilibriumrelativepriceofapplesisdeterminedbytheintersectionoftheRDandRScurves.RD:RS:∴......∴c.Describethepatternoftrade.∵∴Inthistwo-countryworld,Homewillspecializeintheappleproduction,exportapplesandimportba
6、nanas.Foreignwillspecializeinthebananaproduction,exportbananasandimportapples.d.ShowthatbothHomeandForeigngainfromtrade.InternationaltradeallowsHomeandForeigntoconsumeanywherewithinthecoloredlines,whichlieoutsidethecountries’productionpossibilityfronti
7、ers.Andtheindirectmethod,specializinginproducingonlyoneproductionthentradewithothercountry,isamoreefficientmethodthandirectproduction.Intheabsenceoftrade,Homecouldgainthreebananasbyforegoingtwoapples,andForeigncouldgainbyoneforegoingfivebananas.Tradeal
8、lowseachcountrytotradetwobananasforoneapple.HomecouldthengainfourbananasbyforegoingtwoappleswhileForeigncouldgainoneapplebyforegoingonlytwobananas.SobothHomeandForeigngainfromtrade.4.Supposethatinsteadof1200workers,Homehad2400.Findtheeq