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1、名词变形容词:1.名词后加-y,如:luck→lucky,cloud→cloudy;wind→windy;rain→rainy;sun→sunny,snow→snowynoise-noisyhealth→healthy2.在名词后加-ly,如:friend→friendlylove→lovelyday→daily3.方位名词加-ern,如:east→easternwest→westernsouth→southernnorth→northern形容词后缀(1)带有“属性,倾向,相关”的含义1)-able,-i
2、ble,movable,comfortable,applicable,visible,responsible2)-al,natural,additional,educational3)-an,ane,urban,suburban,republican4)-ant,-ent,distant,important,excellent5)-ar,similar,popular,regular6)-ary,military,voluntary7)-ice,-atie,ical,politic,systematic,h
3、istoric,physical,8)-ine,masculine,feminine,marine9)-ing,moving,touching,daring10)-ish,foolish,bookish,selfish11)-ive,active,impressive,decisive12)-ory,satisfactory,compulsory13)-il,-ile,-eel,fragile,genteel(文雅的)(2)表示“相象,类似”的含义1)-ish,boyish,childish2)-esque
4、,picturesque3)-like,manlike,childlike4)-ly,manly,fatherly,scholarly,motherly5)-some,troublesome,handsome6)-y,milky,pasty(3)表示“充分的”含义1)-ful,beautiful,wonderful,helpful,truthful2)-ous,dangerous,generous,courageous,various3)-ent,violent,(4)表示由某种物质形成,制成或生产的含义1
5、)-en,wooden,golden,woolen2)-ous,gaseous3)-fic,scientific(5)表示方向的含义1)-ern,eastern,western2)-ward,downward,forward(6)表示“倍数”的含义1)-ble,double,treble2)ple,triple3)-fold,twofold,tenfold(7)表示“数量关系”的含义1)-teen,thirteen2)-ty,fifty3)-th,fourth,fiftieth(8)表示国籍,语种,宗教的含
6、义1)-an,Roman,European2)-ese,Chinese,3)-ish,English,Spanish(9)表示“比较程度”的含义1)-er,greater2)-ish,reddish,yellowish3)-est,highest4)-most,foremost,topmost(10)其他的含义-less,表示否定,countless,stainless,wireless形容词变副词的规则:1.一般情况下直接加“ly”,如quick---quickly2.以“y”结尾的,先将“y”改成“i”
7、,再加“ly”,如happy---happily少数以e结尾的形容词,要去掉e再加-ly。例如:true-truly等。但绝大多数以e结尾的形容词仍然直接加-ly。例如:polite-politely,wide-widely等。形容词变副词通常是加ly,其变化有规律可循,请记住以下口诀:一般直接加,“元e”去e加,“辅y”改i加,“le”结尾e改y。分别举例如下:quick—quickly,true—truly,happy—happily,possible—possibly.另外:一、在形容词词尾直接加-l
8、y。如:real-really;helpful-helpfully;careful-carefully;hopeful-hopefully;slow-slowly;quick-quickly;quiet-quietly二、以辅音字母加y结尾的形容词要变y为i,然后再加-ly。如:busy-busily;angry-angrily;easy-easily三、某些以辅音字母加不发音的字母e结尾和以-ue结尾的形容词要