高考总复习英语语法专项训练五

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1、语法专项训练(五)——数词英语数词即表示数目多少或顺序先后的词.数词有两种:基数词和序数词.表示数量多少的叫基数词,表示次序的叫序数词.注意以下数词的拼写:语法精讲one,thefirst；two,thesecond；three,thethird；four,thefourth；five,thefifth；nine,theninth；twelve,thetwelfth；fifteen,thefifteenth；nineteen,thenineteenth；twenty,thetwentieth；twentyone,thetwentyfirst；thirty,

2、thethirtieth；forty,thefortieth；eighty,theeightieth；ninetynine,theninetyninth；etc.考点一基数词1．基数词的形式——基数词中1～12是独立单词,13～19的基数词以后缀-teen结尾,20～90八个整十位数数词以后缀-ty结尾.——表示其他两位数词,十位与个位之间用连字符“-”:twenty-three,seventy-five,etc.——百位数与十位数之间,英式英语用and连接,美式英语一般不用:threehundredandsixty-fivedays；eighthundr

3、edandtwenty-twostudents,etc.2．基数词的用法用法例句作主语Thefourofusweretoofrightenedtosayaword.It’ssaidthatthirteenisanunluckynumberinthewesterncountries.作定语FiftythousandLondonworkersareonstrike.用法例句作宾语—Howmanydoyouwant?—Iwantfour.作表语Theboyisten.作同位语Theythreejoinedtheschoolteam.作状语Ihateridingtwo

4、onabike.3.基数词的复数形式(1)表示确切数字时,ten,hundred,thousand,million只用单数形式,不能加-s.(2)dozen(十二),score(二十),head(一头)等表示确切数字时不用复数形式,但在表示不确切数字时要用复数:twodozenbottlesofbeer；dozensoftimes；fourscoreandsixyears；scoresofstudents(3)表示“几十”的数词的复数形式可用来表示人的岁数或年代.Shediedinherforties.Thisstorytookplaceinthe1950s.

5、考点二　序数词1．序数词的形式规律例词(1)序数词中除了前三个(first,second,third)形式特殊以外,其余都以-th结尾fourth,sixth,eighth,tenth,fifth,ninth,twelfth,etc.规律例词(2)以-ty结尾的基数词变成序数词时,须将-y改为-ie再加-thtwentieth,thirtieth,eightieth,ninetieth,etc.规律例词(3)两位数的基数词变为序数词时,只须将个位数变成序数词,十位数不变twenty-one→twenty-first；seventy-five→seventy-f

6、ifth,etc.规律例词(4)序数词的缩写形式由阿拉伯数字加序数词最后两个字母构成first→1st,second→2nd,third→3rd,fourth→4th,thirtieth→30th,etc.2.序数词的基本用法规律例句(1)序数词在句中主要用作定语,前面要加定冠词theOnthefirstday,Ifollowedmymother’sadviceandkeptthedoorshutallthetime.(2)序数词前有时可加不定冠词a/an,表示“再一次,又一”We’llhavetodoitasecondtime.ShallIaskhimane

7、ighthtime？规律例句(3)序数词有时可用来代替“第……个(批)人/物”She’salwaysthefirsttocomeandthelasttoleave.(4)定冠词the＋序数词＋形容词最高级Janeisthesecondtallestgirlinthisclass.规律例句(5)序数词作状语时,不加定冠词Theteamranksthirdinitsowncountry.Whendidyoulastseehim？(6)序数词可作主语、宾语Thefirstisbetterthanthesecond.规律例句(7)序数词的其他惯用法Sheistheth

8、irdbeststudentinher