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1、语法专项训练(十三)——名词性从句英语名词性从句由连词、连接代词和连接副词引导,按其作用与功能,分为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句.引导名词性从句的关联词语法精讲类别关联词备注连接词that宾语从句中可以省略,其他从句中不可省略if,whether宾语从句中多可通用,其他从句中用whether类别关联词备注连接代词who,whom,whose,what,which,whoever,whatever连接副词when,where,how,why.朗读下列各句,并思考划线的从句在全句中作什么成分.1．Whathedi
2、dmademeextremelyangry.()他所做的事使我非常生气.作主语2．Whetherwewillgopicnickingtomorrowdependsontheweather.(不用if)明天是否去野餐取决于天气.()3．Mysuggestionisthatweshouldturnthelandintricefields.我的建议是:我们应当把那片地变成稻田.()作主语作表语4．Hesaidthathegotuplateandthathewaslatefoclass.他说他起晚了并且上课迟到了.()5．She
3、hasmadeitclearthatshewillgetmarriednextmonth.她很清楚地表明,她将于下个月结婚.()作宾语作宾语6．Oursuccessdependsonwhethereveryoneworkshard.(不用if)我们的成功取决于大家是否努力.()7．Letmeknowwhetherornotyoucancome.(不用if)告诉我你能不能来.()作宾语作宾语8．Thefactthathetellsliesallthetimemakesussurprised.他一直说谎这个事实使我们感到惊讶
4、.()9．Theadvicethatshewaittillnextweekisreasonable.(不用which)她等到下周这个建议是很有道理的.()作同位语作同位语归纳小结:名词性从句,顾名思义,其用法相当于一个名词的用法,在句中可作主语、表语、同位语、宾语,分别叫做主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句和宾语从句.一、主语从句(一)从句引导词:that,whether,who,whom,whose,what,which,when,where,why,how等.1．Thatpeoplecutdowntoomanytrees
5、destroyedthebalanceofnature.2．Whowillwinthematchisstillunknown.3．Whetherlifewillcontinueontheearthformillionsofyearstocomewilldependonwhetherthisproblemcanbesolved.【注意】放在名词性从句句首,表示“是否”,只能用whether,不能用if.(二)位置1．ThatheknowsJapaneseisknowntoall.2．Whatsurprisedmewasto
6、seehimhere.3．Whenhewillcomeisunknown.4．Whetherheiscomingdoesn’tmattermuch.5．Itremainsasecrethowtheyclimbedupthemountain.归纳小结:主语从句的位置1.在句首；2.主语较长时通常放在后面,句首主语用It.1．It＋be＋形容词＋that从句2．It＋be＋名词词组(duty/pity...)＋that从句3．It＋be＋过去分词(said/thought...)＋that从句4．It＋不及物动词(seem/
7、happen...)＋that从句例句:1．Itisapitythatwecan’tgoswimming.真可惜我们不能去游泳.2．IthappenedthatIwasoutthatday.碰巧那天我外出了.3．Itiscertainthathewilldowellintheexam.他考试肯定会考好.4．Itissaidthathetoldhereverything.据说他已告诉了她一切.二、宾语从句宾语从句在句中作及物动词或介词的宾语.Weallknow(that)theEarthisround.YaoMingwil
8、ltalktousaboutwhathesawintheUSA.【注意】①某些形容词或过去分词后常接宾语从句.这些形容词和过去分词常见的有:afraid,certain,glad,happy,surprised等.IamnotsurewhetherIcanaffordtobuythefurniture.②宾语从句的否
